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Dnieper River, Ukraine L & C …
This spaceborne radar image …
8/29/96
Date 8/29/96
Description This spaceborne radar image shows the intensive agricultural development in central Ukraine, along the Dnieper River. The area shown lies about 320 kilometers (198 miles) southeast of Kiev and about 360 kilometers (223 miles) northeast of Odessa. Central Ukraine is a rich agricultural region, producing primarily wheat and other grains. In this radar image taken in the early spring, most of the fields do not have active crops, so their relatively smooth texture results in dark shades of brown and purple. Boundaries between the fields consist of hedges or trees which appear as bright outlines. The bright yellowish areas along the river are riparian (riverbank) forest. The small tributary that flows into the Dnieper from the right side of the image is the Volch'ya River. Radar images can be used to map crop types, to monitor the health of crops, and to predict yields. This image was acquired by Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) onboard the space shuttle Endeavour on April 15, 1994. The image is 45 kilometers by 35 kilometers (28 miles by 22 miles) and is centered at 49.0 degrees North latitude, 34.1 degrees East longitude. North is toward the upper right. The colors are assigned to different radar frequencies and polarizations of the radar as follows: red is L- band, horizontally transmitted and received, green is L-band, horizontally transmitted, vertically received, and blue is C- band, horizontally transmitted, vertically received. SIR-C/X-SAR, a joint mission of the German, Italian, and United States space agencies, is part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth.
Chernobyl, Ukraine B&W, L ba …
This is an image of the Cher …
10/3/94
Date 10/3/94
Description This is an image of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and its surroundings, centered at 51.17 north latitude and 30.15 west longitude. The image was acquired by the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C and X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar aboard the space shuttle Endeavour on its 16th orbit on October 1, 1994. The area is located on the northern border of the Ukraine Republic and was produced by using the L-band (horizontally transmitted and received) polarization. The differences in the intensity are due to differences in vegetation cover, with brighter areas being indicative of more vegetation. These data were acquired as part of a collaboration between NASA and the National Space Agency of Ukraine in Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences. NASA has included several sites provided by the Ukrainian space agency as targets of opportunity during the second flight of SIR-C/X-SAR. The Ukrainian space agency also plans to conduct airborne surveys of these sites during the mission. The Chernobyl nuclear power plant is located toward the top of the image near the Pripyat River. The 12-kilometer (7.44-mile)-long cooling pond is easily distinguishable as an elongated dark shape in the center near the top of the image. The reactor complex is visible as the bright area to the extreme left of the cooling pond and the city of Chernobyl is the bright area just below the cooling pond next to the Pripyat River. The large dark area in the bottom right of the image is the Kiev Reservoir just north of Kiev. Also visible is the Dnieper River, which feeds into the Kiev Reservoir from the top of the image. The Soviet government evacuated 116,000 people within 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) of the Chernobyl reactor after the explosion and fire on April 26, 1986. ----- Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C and X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) is part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. The radars illuminate Earth with microwaves, allowing detailed observations at any time, regardless of weather or sunlight conditions. SIR-C/X-SAR uses three microwave wavelengths: L-band (24 cm), C-band (6 cm) and X-band (3 cm). The multi-frequency data will be used by the international scientific community to better understand the global environment and how it is changing. The SIR-C/X-SAR data, complemented by aircraft and ground studies, will give scientists clearer insights into those environmental changes which are caused by nature and those changes which are induced by human activity. SIR-C was developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. X-SAR was developed by the Dornier and Alenia Spazio companies for the German space agency, Deutsche Agentur fuer Raumfahrtangelegenheiten (DARA), and the Italian space agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), with the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luft und Raumfahrt e.v.(DLR), the major partner in science, operations and data processing of X-SAR. #####
STS-87 Mission Insignia
Name of Image STS-87 Mission Insignia
Date of Image 1997-08-01
Full Description The STS-87 patch is shaped like a space helmet symbolizing the Extravehicular Activity (EVA) on the mission in support of testing of tools for the assembly of the International Space Station (ISS). Earth is shown reflected on the backside of the helmet. The Space Shuttle Columbia forms the interface between the Earth and the heavens, the back and front sides of the helmet in profile. The three red lines emerging from Columbia represent the astronaut symbol as well as the robot arm, which was used to deploy and retrieve the Spartan satellite. The letters 'ug' represent the payloads studying microgravity science in space on this United States Microgravity Payload (USMP-4) mission. Gold flames outlining the helmet visor represent the corona of the Sun, which will be studied by Spartan. The flag of Ukraine is next to the name of the payload specialist who is the first person from that nation to fly on the Space Shuttle.
Black Sea Becomes Turquoise
Title Black Sea Becomes Turquoise
Description This true-color image shows bright, turquoise-colored swirls across the surface of the Black Sea, signifying the presence of a large phytoplankton bloom. Scientists have observed similar blooms recurring annually, roughly this same time of year. The Sea of Azov, which is the smaller body of water located just north of the Black Sea in this image, also shows a high level of color variance. The brownish pixels in the Azov are probably due to sediments carried in from high waters and snowmelt from upstream. This scene was acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer [ http://modarch.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ], flying aboard NASA?s Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite, on May 14, 2002. According to the Black Sea Environment Programme?s Marine Hydrophysical Institute [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://www.grid.unep.ch/bsein/index.html ], the Black Sea is ?one of the marine areas of the world most damaged by human activities.? The coastal zone around these Eastern European inland water bodies is densely populated?supporting a permanent population of roughly 16 million people and another 4 million tourists each year. Six countries border with the Black Sea, including Ukraine to the north, Russia and Georgia to the east, Turkey to the south, and Bulgaria and Romania to the west. Because it is isolated from the world?s oceans, and because there is an extensive drainage network of rivers that empty into it, the Black Sea has a unique and delicate water balance which is very important for supporting its marine ecosystem. Of particular concern to scientists is the salinity, water level, and nutrient levels of the Black Sea?s waters, all of which are, unfortunately, being impacted by human activities. Within the last three decades the combination of increased nutrient loads from human sources together with pollution and over-harvesting of fisheries has resulted in a sharp decline in water quality. Scientists from each of the Black Sea?s bordering nations are currently working together to study the issues and formulate a joint, international strategy for saving this unique marine ecosystem. Working with a spirit of placing more emphasis on joint ownership of the Black Sea?s resources, and less emphasis on blame, it is hoped that the cooperating countries can strike an effective balance between both enjoying and preserving the Black Sea. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] at NASA GSFC
Chernobyl, Ukraine
Title Chernobyl, Ukraine
Description Eighteen years ago, on April 26, 1986, the world's worst nuclear power accident occurred at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near the Ukrainian-Belarus border. Toxic radionuclides like Cs137 and Sr90 contaminated an area of 155,000 square kilometers in what is today Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. Hundreds of thousands of people were killed, sickened from radiation-induced illnesses, or resettled to uncontaminated land. Today, the immediate area remains off limits to humans. The plant was permanently closed in 2000. The surrounding agricultural land has been abandoned, and the two nearby towns (Pripyat to the north and Chernobyl to the south) where plant workers lived are largely ghost towns. Instead of people, abundant wildlife—packs of wolves, deer, and birds—roam and live near Chernobyl. This image, taken seven years ago from the Russian Mir spacecraft, shows Chernobyl and the surrounding countryside. The power plant is situated on the northwest end of a cooling pond on the Pripyat River, which flows into the Dnepr River just 80 miles north of Kiev. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16519 ] The main features visible in the image are the massive concrete dams and levees that were constructed to contain elements of the power plant and prevent contaminated runoff from entering the local streams. The cooling water canals leading to the pond, and the levees in the middle of the pond that channeled the water circulation can also be seen. The darker green regions are forests and the light green areas are cleared land used for agriculture. Image NM23-745-116 [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=NM23&roll=745&frame=116 ] was taken April 27, 1997, from the Russian Mir Space Station with a Hasselblad medium format camera equipped with a 250-mm lens and is provided by the Earth Observations Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The NASA-Mir program was the first phase of the International Space Station Program, [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/ ] which now supports the Earth Observations Laboratory. The program trains astronauts to take pictures of Earth that are of value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/ ]
Drought in Moldova
Title Drought in Moldova
Description "Moldova's 2007 drought has been the most severe in living memory,' said the United Nations World Food Program in a special report [ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/YSAR-77DR9F?OpenDocument&rc=4&cc=mda ] issued on September 25, 2007. The 2007 drought was the worst in a series of nine dry periods to settle over the country since 1990, and the World Food Program compared its severity to the drought of 1946 during which many Moldovans starved. The impact of the drought on plants in Moldova and parts of Ukraine and Romania is illustrated by this pair of images. The images are vegetation anomaly images, which indicate how quickly plants were taking in light and growing. Areas that are green are regions where plants were larger and leafier (leading to more photosynthesis) than they were on average from 2000 through 2006. Brown areas show where plants were smaller or less leafy than average, in this case as a result of drought. Gray areas indicate where clouds blocked the ground from view throughout the observation period, and blue is water. The images were made with data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite. The top image is a compilation of daily data collected between July 28 and August 12, 2007, when the impact of the drought was at its greatest. Summer crops, such as corn and sunflowers, were in a critical stage of development, during which water was essential. The deep brown tone that covers all of Moldova reveals that the hot, dry weather devastated plants. Conditions observed in this image match reports from the ground. Cereal grain production was down 70 percent compared to average yields over the past five years, and other crops, like corn, sunflowers, grapes, and pasture for livestock also suffered, said the World Food Program. Food production from home gardens, the mainstay food supply of about 70 percent of Moldova's population, dropped, and food prices went up. The lower image, from August 29 through September 13, reveals just how much conditions can change in a single month. Some of what had been brown is brushed with green where plants responded to rainfall. Helpful though the rain evidently was to those plants that were still growing, it arrived too late to improve crop conditions, said the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Foreign Agricultural Service. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, Global Agricultural Monitoring Project [ http://www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm ]. Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
Fires in Northeastern Europe
Title Fires in Northeastern Europe
Description On March 24, 2003, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite captured this image of scattered fires (red dots) in northeastern Europe. Fires are most heavily concentrated in the Russian Federation (north of center) between Lithuania (north) and Poland (south). To the southeast, there are fires in Belarus (top) and Ukraine (bottom). At top left is the Baltic Sea. The high-resolution image provided above is 500 meters per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response System provides this image at MODIS' maximum spatial resolution of 250 meters. Image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
Title Stressed Crops in Ukraine and Russia
Description Flat, fertile plains stretch northward from the Black Sea in Ukraine and southern Russia. With a climate similar to that of Kansas, roughly two-thirds of the Ukraine is agricultural land. The main crops in the region are wheat, barley, and corn. Most wheat (about 95 percent) is planted in the late fall and harvested in July and August of the following year. Across the border in southern Russia, winter wheat is similarly important. As the wheat grows, farmers rely on rain to nourish the developing plants. In 2005, however, farmers faced a problem. As of September 29, little or no rain had fallen over the region since mid-August. Without rain, farmers could not plant on time. Those who did plant faced the prospect of a poor crop unless rain began to fall. The effects of dry conditions on plants across Ukraine and southern Russia are shown in this vegetation image, made from data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) between October 2 and October 10, 2005. Dry areas are shown in brown, while normal conditions are tan, and better-than-normal conditions are green. The drought seems to be particularly bad on Crimea, the island-like peninsula in the Black Sea, and in Russia to its east, where deep red points to very stressed vegetation. The vegetation index is a measure of the amount of light absorbed by plants over a large area during photosynthesis. When crops are healthy, they produce more leaves and, as a result, absorb more light in photosynthesis. When they are stressed by drought, crops produce fewer leaves and absorb less light. In this image, the vegetation index was compared to the average of measurements made during the same period in 2001-2004. The resulting image shows that plants are significantly more stressed in 2005 than they were during this period in the previous four years. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef and information provided by Assaf Anyamba as part of the Global Agricultural Monitoring Project between NASA, USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and the University of Maryland. More data and information about this joint project is available at Satellite Information for Agricultural Monitoring. [ http://tripwire.geog.umd.edu/usda/ ]
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
Title Stressed Crops in Ukraine and Russia
Description Flat, fertile plains stretch northward from the Black Sea in Ukraine and southern Russia. With a climate similar to that of Kansas, roughly two-thirds of the Ukraine is agricultural land. The main crops in the region are wheat, barley, and corn. Most wheat (about 95 percent) is planted in the late fall and harvested in July and August of the following year. Across the border in southern Russia, winter wheat is similarly important. As the wheat grows, farmers rely on rain to nourish the developing plants. In 2005, however, farmers faced a problem. As of September 29, little or no rain had fallen over the region since mid-August. Without rain, farmers could not plant on time. Those who did plant faced the prospect of a poor crop unless rain began to fall. The effects of dry conditions on plants across Ukraine and southern Russia are shown in this vegetation image, made from data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) between October 2 and October 10, 2005. Dry areas are shown in brown, while normal conditions are tan, and better-than-normal conditions are green. The drought seems to be particularly bad on Crimea, the island-like peninsula in the Black Sea, and in Russia to its east, where deep red points to very stressed vegetation. The vegetation index is a measure of the amount of light absorbed by plants over a large area during photosynthesis. When crops are healthy, they produce more leaves and, as a result, absorb more light in photosynthesis. When they are stressed by drought, crops produce fewer leaves and absorb less light. In this image, the vegetation index was compared to the average of measurements made during the same period in 2001-2004. The resulting image shows that plants are significantly more stressed in 2005 than they were during this period in the previous four years. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef and information provided by Assaf Anyamba as part of the Global Agricultural Monitoring Project between NASA, USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and the University of Maryland. More data and information about this joint project is available at Satellite Information for Agricultural Monitoring. [ http://tripwire.geog.umd.edu/usda/ ]
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
Title Stressed Crops in Ukraine and Russia
Description Under the one-two punch of a dry fall and a frigid winter, winter crops in Ukraine were in poor condition in April and May 2006. This vegetation anomaly (difference from normal) image was created from data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite. Widespread brown indicates that plants throughout the region had grown less compared to the average growth for 2000-2005. The Foreign Agricultural Service, a division of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, estimated that only 10 metric tons of winter wheat, the primary crop growing here, would be harvested in July and August. That figure was down about 46 percent from the 18.7 metric tons harvested in 2005. Why were winter crops in such rough shape? The biggest reason is drought. From August to October or November, depending on the location, little rain fell over the Ukrainian fields where winter grains were being planted, said the Foreign Agricultural Service. In Ukraine, roughly 42 million hectares of the total 60 million hectares is devoted to agriculture, and winter wheat and barley are among the most important crops. Planted in the fall, winter grains typically develop strong roots before going into dormancy with the onset of winter. During the winter, the crop is protected from the killing cold by an insulating layer of snow, and when the snow melts, the grain continues to grow until it is harvested in July and August. In 2005, the drought delayed planting, so the plants did not have time to develop strong root systems. And then the cold hit. An unusual deep freeze [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17173 ] gripped Eastern Europe in mid-January. Though little of the wheat crop was damaged, winter barely and rape seed were. The widespread impact of drought and cold is clear from the negative vegetation anomaly shown above. All crop information cited in this caption is from the Foreign Agricultural Service. Links to the most recent crop report and general information about Ukrainian agriculture are provided below. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef as part of the Global Agricultural Monitoring Project [ http://www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm ] between NASA, USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and the University of Maryland.
Fires in Southwest Russia
Title Fires in Southwest Russia
Description As winter snow is retreating, fires are springing to life in southwestern Russia. Fires are likely being set to prepare land for springtime agricultural activities. This Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) image from March 2, 2003, shows fires (red dots) detected by the MODIS on the Aqua satellite. Fires are burning in the Volga River Delta (right of center) at the northwest corner of the Caspian Sea. To the west, near the Sea of Azov (filled with ice at center left) and the Black Sea (bottom left) more fires are burning. Two additional fires were detected at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, which separate Russia from Georgia. At upper left is Ukraine, at upper right is Kazakhstan. The high-resolution image provided above is 500 meters per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response System provides this image at MODIS? maximum spatial resolution of 250 meters. Image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC
Flooding in Western Russia
Title Flooding in Western Russia
Description As the ground began to thaw and snow melted, the Dnieper River and its tributaries were swollen with spring run-off. According to news reports, the rivers had caused some damage as flood waters inundated small cities along their banks. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] (MODIS) on the Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this image of the river system on April 4, 2004. Four major rivers are shown running into the Dnieper, the large river that forms the trunk of this tree-like structure. On the far right is the Desna River, with the Seym River branching off of it. The center right branch is formed by the Sozh River and its tributaries. The center left branch is the Dnieper, and running into it from the top left is the Byarezina River. The far left branch is formed by the Prypyats River. Complicating this tangle of flowing water, the borders of three countries snake along the rivers, sometimes following their flow, but often not. Russia is in the top right corner of the image, Ukraine forms the lower third, and Belarus is in the upper left corner. In the high-resolution image, Poland and Lithuania are visible along the left edge of the image, and Romania, Moldova, and the Black Sea sit on the lower edge. Here, fires are marked with red dots. The fires were likely started by farmers clearing their fields for spring planting. This false-color image shows vegetation as green, bare ground as tan and pink, and clouds in light blue. Water is black and dark blue. The high-resolution image provided above has a resolution of 500 meters per pixel. The image is available in additional resolutions [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2004095-0404/Russia.A2004095.1105.721 ], including MODIS' maximum resolution of 250 meters per pixel. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC.
Winter Storm Sweeps Across E …
Title Winter Storm Sweeps Across Europe
Description A severe winter storm swept across much of Europe yesterday (December 16, 2001), delivering bitter cold temperatures, high winds, heavy snowfall, and flooding in some regions. Transportation via road and rail was brought to a halt in parts of many countries while tens of thousands of people were left without power. The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS), flying aboard the Orbview-2 satellite, captured this view of the storm as it passed over Europe yesterday. The true-color image shows the heavy clouds associated with the storm. Snowfall is visible in some areas where the skies were clear as the satellite passed over. (e.g., around Venice Lagoon, Italy, southern France, northeastern Spain, and the Ukraine). Some of the wind associated with the weather pattern was made visible by the dust it was transporting out of northern Africa--particularly around the Libya-Tunisia border. Bands of dust or some other aerosol are visible over the water south of the French Riviera. Image courtesy the SeaWiFS Project, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html ] NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE
A Cosmic Call to Nearby Star …
Title A Cosmic Call to Nearby Stars
Explanation If you could send a message to an alien civilization [ http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/AlienIntelligence.html ], what would you say? The people from the Cosmic Call [ http://www.matessa.org/~mike/dd-pr.html ] project sent the above image [ http://www.matessa.org/~mike/dutil-dumas.html ] as the first page of a longer message. The message [ http://www.matessa.org/~mike/dutil-dumas.html ] was broadcast [ http://www.matessa.org/~mike/inter-comm.html ] toward local stars [ http://www.matessa.org/~mike/2001.html ] by radio telescope [ http://www.setileague.org/otherweb/othrtele.htm ] during the summer of 1999. Another message was sent in 2003. The single-dish, 70 meter diameter telescope that send the messages is located in Ukraine [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine ] on the Crimean peninsula near the town of of Evpatoria [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evpatoria ]. This first page of the Cosmic Call 1999 [ http://www3.sympatico.ca/stephane_dumas/CETI/default.htm ] message, shown above, involves only numbers and so is easier for puzzle solvers to decode than a more famous message [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000123.html ] broadcast toward distant star cluster M13 [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040511.html ] in 1974. (The solution is here [ http://www.ibiblio.org/astrobiology/index.php?page=interview01 ].)
Analemma over Ukraine
Title Analemma over Ukraine
Explanation If you took a picture of the Sun at the same time each day, would it remain in the same position? The answer is no, and the shape traced out by the Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000621.html ] over the course of a year is called an analemma [ http://www.uwm.edu/~kahl/Images/Weather/Other/analemma.html ]. The Sun's apparent shift is caused by the Earth's motion [ http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Orbits/earthorbit.html ] around the Sun when combined with the tilt of the Earth's [ http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/the_universe/uts/earth2.html ] rotation axis. The Sun will appear at its highest point of the analemma [ http://solar-center.stanford.edu/FAQ/Qsunaspattern.html ] during summer [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap001223.html ] and at its lowest during winter. Analemmas [ http://www.jgiesen.de/analemma/ ] created from different Earth latitudes [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude ] would appear at least slightly different, as well as analemmas [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analemma ] created at a different time each day. The analemma [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/apod/apod_search?analemma ] pictured to the left [ http://vrum.chat.ru/Photo/Astro/analema.htm ] was built up by Sun photographs [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap980526.html ] taken from 1998 August through 1999 August from Ukraine [ http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/up.html ]. The foreground picture [ http://www.digg.com/space/Pic_The_Path_Taken_By_The_Sun_Spread_Out_Over_A_Year ] from the same location was taken during the early evening in 1999 July.
Analemma
Title Analemma
Explanation If you took a picture of the Sun at the same time each day, would it remain in the same position? The answer is no, and the shape traced out by the Sun [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap000621.html ] over the course of a year is called an analemma [ http://www.uwm.edu/~kahl/Images/Weather/Other/analemma.html ]. The Sun's apparent shift is caused by the Earth's motion [ http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Orbits/earthorbit.html ] around the Sun when combined with the tilt of the Earth's [ http://www.crh.noaa.gov/fsd/astro/season.htm ] rotation axis. The Sun will appear at its highest point of the analemma [ http://solar-center.stanford.edu/FAQ/Qsunaspattern.html ] during summer [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap001223.html ] and at its lowest during winter. Analemmas [ http://www.jgiesen.de/analemma/ ] created from different Earth latitudes [ http://www.cogtech.com/EXPLORER/lat-long.htm ] would appear at least slightly different, as well as analemmas [ http://www.wshs.fcps.k12.va.us/vault/svanbroc/analemma.htm ] created at a different time each day. The analemma [ http://www.finseth.com/~fin/Java/Analemma0.html ] pictured to the left [ http://vrum.chat.ru/Photo/Astro/analema.htm ] was built up by Sun photographs [ http://www.shadow.net/~bobt/office/office.htm ] taken from 1998 August through 1999 August from Ukraine [ http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/up.html ]. The foreground picture from the same location was taken during the early evening in 1999 July.
I Zwicky 18: Young Galaxy
Title I Zwicky 18: Young Galaxy
Explanation The Milky Way is an ordinary [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040701.html ] 12 billion year old spiral galaxy, and even our middle-aged Sun is pushing 4.5 billion years. But "all" the stars in dwarf galaxy I Zwicky 18 [ http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/newsdesk/archive/ releases/2004/35/ ] are much younger. In fact, based on Hubble Space Telescope image data, that galaxy's first stars formed only about 500 million years ago, making it the youngest known galaxy. In this view [ http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/newsdesk/archive/ releases/2004/35/image/a ], the bright knots are the two major star forming [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040205.html ] regions of I Zwicky [ http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept02/ Zwicky/frames.html ] 18, embedded in expanding filaments of glowing interstellar gas. Scattered, much older background galaxies are seen as small red blobs, and a companion galaxy lies just beyond the upper right corner of the cropped picture. Astronomers believe that diminutive I Zwicky 18 [ http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0408391 ] resembles the earliest galaxies formed, but also want to understand how such a young galaxy can be only 45 million light-years away - surrounded by mature galaxies in an aging Universe [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap031231.html ]. The tiny galaxy itself is a mere 3,000 light-years across [ http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/newsdesk/archive/ releases/2004/35/fastfacts/ ].
Nuclear Meltdown
The abandoned city of Pripya …
Description The abandoned city of Pripyat, home to the infamous Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, lies on the Pripyat River in northern Ukraine, near the Belarus boarder. Three days after the April 26, 1986, nuclear accident, Landsat 5 acquired this image of the region. The power plant explosion and ensuing fire released highly radioactive nuclear fallout into the atmosphere, affecting region tens to hundreds of miles from the plant. This natural color Landsat 5 image uses TM bands 3,2,1.
STS-87 crew participates in …
Title STS-87 crew participates in Crew Equipment Interface Test
Description STS-87 astronaut crew members participate in the Crew Equipment Integration Test (CEIT) with the Spartan-201 payload in Kennedy Space Centers (KSC's) Vertical Processing Facility. From left are Pilot Steven Lindsey, Mission Specialist Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan, Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D., Commander Kevin Kregel, and Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine. The CEIT gives astronauts an opportunity to get a hands- on look at the payloads with which they will be working on-orbit. STS-87 will be the fourth United States Microgravity Payload and flight of the Spartan-201 deployable satellite. During the mission, Dr. Doi will be the first Japanese astronaut to perform a spacewalk. STS-87 is scheduled for a Nov. 19 liftoff from KSC.
Date 10.02.1997
Floods in Eastern Europe: Na …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
EasternEurope_TMO_2008211
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2008-07-29
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier EasternEurope_TMO_2008211
Lower Danube Green Corridor …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
* Danube River Delta (Terra …
modis_aster_danube
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2000-08-10
creator NASA -- ASTER data made available by NASA/GSFC/MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ASTER Science Team MODIS image courtesy of Jacques Decloitres, rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
identifier modis_aster_danube
Floods in Eastern Europe: Na …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
Romania_TMO_2008211
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2008-07-29
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier Romania_TMO_2008211
Black Sea in Bloom: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
This true-color image shows …
BlackSea_S2002124
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2002-05-04
creator NASA -- Image courtesy the seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html SeaWiFS Project , NASA GSFC, and ORBIMAGE
identifier BlackSea_S2002124
Severe Storm in the Sea of A …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
A fierce storm struck both t …
ge_08214
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-11-11
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_08214
Severe Storm in the Sea of A …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
A fierce storm struck both t …
ge_08214
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-11-11
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_08214
1986
landsatimagegallery, nasa
The abandoned city of Pripya …
315107main_1986_Chernobyl_HI
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2009-02-27
creator NASA
identifier 315107main_1986_Chernobyl_HI
Black Sea Becomes Turquoise: …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
This true-color image shows …
BlackSea_M2002134
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2002-05-14
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier BlackSea_M2002134
Flooding in Western Russia: …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
As the ground began to thaw …
ge_12994
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-04-04
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_12994
Flooding in Western Russia: …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
As the ground began to thaw …
ge_12994
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-04-04
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_12994
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Flat, fertile plains stretch …
ukraine_ndvia_0210oct05
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-10-10
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ukraine_ndvia_0210oct05
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Flat, fertile plains stretch …
ukraine_ndvia_0210oct05
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-10-10
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ukraine_ndvia_0210oct05
Winter Storm Sweeps Across E …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
A severe winter storm swept …
S2001350_HROM.Europe
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2001-12-16
creator NASA -- Image courtesy the seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE
identifier S2001350_HROM.Europe
Icy Spring Decimates Winter …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Severe ice crusting during F …
Ukraine_wheat
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-04-17
creator NASA -- Image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC
identifier Ukraine_wheat
Kiev, Ukraine: Image of the …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Kiev (also spelled Kyiv) is …
kiev_l7_2001257
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2001-09-14
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the University of Maryland's
identifier kiev_l7_2001257
Fires in Southwest Russia: N …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
As winter snow is retreating …
SWRussia.AMOA2003061
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-03-02
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier SWRussia.AMOA2003061
Kyiv, Ukraine: Image of the …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The International Space Stat …
ISS008-E-20656
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-04-04
creator NASA -- Image eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=ISS008&roll=E&frame=20656 ISS008-E-20656 was taken April 4, 2004 with a Kodak DCS760 digital camera equipped with an 80 mm lens and is provided by the Earth Observations Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The spaceflight.nasa.gov/ International Space Station Program supports the laboratory to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC eol.jsc.nasa.gov/ Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
identifier ISS008-E-20656
Drought in Moldova: Natural …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
moldovandvia_tmo_2007241
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-09-13
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier moldovandvia_tmo_2007241
Drought in Moldova: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
'Moldova's 2007 drought has …
ge_08101
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-08-12
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm Global Agricultural Monitoring Project . Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
identifier ge_08101
Drought in Moldova: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
'Moldova's 2007 drought has …
ge_08101
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-08-12
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm Global Agricultural Monitoring Project . Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
identifier ge_08101
Drought in Moldova: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
'Moldova's 2007 drought has …
ge_08101
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-08-12
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm Global Agricultural Monitoring Project . Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
identifier ge_08101
Drought in Moldova: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
'Moldova's 2007 drought has …
ge_08101
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-08-12
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm Global Agricultural Monitoring Project . Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
identifier ge_08101
Drought in Moldova: Image of …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
'Moldova's 2007 drought has …
ge_08101
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-08-12
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Inbal Reshef, www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/glam.cfm Global Agricultural Monitoring Project . Additional caption information courtesy Mark Lindeman, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
identifier ge_08101
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Under the one-two punch of a …
ge_15726
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-04-23
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_15726
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Under the one-two punch of a …
ge_15726
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-04-23
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_15726
Stressed Crops in Ukraine an …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Under the one-two punch of a …
ge_15726
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-04-23
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_15726
Fires in Northeastern Europe …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On March 24, 2003, the modis …
NEEurope.AMOA2003083
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-03-24
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier NEEurope.AMOA2003083
Space Radar Image of Dnieper …
PIA01850
Sol (our sun)
Title Space Radar Image of Dnieper River, Ukraine
Uzboi Vallis, Nirgal Vallis, …
PIA03765
Sol (our sun)
Thermal Emission Imaging Sys …
Title Uzboi Vallis, Nirgal Vallis, and Luki Crater
Original Caption Released with Image (Released 9 April 2002) This THEMIS image captures two channels (Nirgal Vallis is the smaller sinuous channel on the left and Uzboi Vallis is the larger channel located in the lower right) and Luki Crater located in the upper right. The mouth of Nirgal Vallis appears to be truncated by Uzboi Vallis. This indicates that Nirgal Vallis is an older channel than Uzboi Vallis. The floor of Uzboi Vallis was subsequently bombarded by an asteroid or comet which gouged out the 21 km diameter crater named Luki. Luki is named after a town in the Ukraine. Uzboi is the name of a dry river in Russia. Nirgal is the Babylonian name for Mars. Gullies and alluvial deposits discovered by Mars Global Surveyor are clearly visible on the polar-facing (south) wall and floor of Nirgal Vallis and also in the inner rim of Luki crater. These gullies appear to emanate from a specific layer in the walls. There is a pronounced sparsity of gullies on the equator-ward facing slopes but some are present in this image. The gullies have been proposed to have formed by the subsurface release of water. The western channel wall of Uzboi Vallis does not appear to have the fine-scale gullying as does Nirgal Vallis. However, the western channel wall of Uzboi Vallis does show some evidence of downslope movement (mass wasting). Some patches of dunes are also seen on the channel floor, notably along the edges of the channel floor near the canyon walls. There is also a landslide located along the southern wall of Luki Crater.
Uzboi Vallis, Nirgal Vallis, …
PIA03765
Sol (our sun)
Thermal Emission Imaging Sys …
Title Uzboi Vallis, Nirgal Vallis, and Luki Crater
Original Caption Released with Image (Released 9 April 2002) This THEMIS image captures two channels (Nirgal Vallis is the smaller sinuous channel on the left and Uzboi Vallis is the larger channel located in the lower right) and Luki Crater located in the upper right. The mouth of Nirgal Vallis appears to be truncated by Uzboi Vallis. This indicates that Nirgal Vallis is an older channel than Uzboi Vallis. The floor of Uzboi Vallis was subsequently bombarded by an asteroid or comet which gouged out the 21 km diameter crater named Luki. Luki is named after a town in the Ukraine. Uzboi is the name of a dry river in Russia. Nirgal is the Babylonian name for Mars. Gullies and alluvial deposits discovered by Mars Global Surveyor are clearly visible on the polar-facing (south) wall and floor of Nirgal Vallis and also in the inner rim of Luki crater. These gullies appear to emanate from a specific layer in the walls. There is a pronounced sparsity of gullies on the equator-ward facing slopes but some are present in this image. The gullies have been proposed to have formed by the subsurface release of water. The western channel wall of Uzboi Vallis does not appear to have the fine-scale gullying as does Nirgal Vallis. However, the western channel wall of Uzboi Vallis does show some evidence of downslope movement (mass wasting). Some patches of dunes are also seen on the channel floor, notably along the edges of the channel floor near the canyon walls. There is also a landslide located along the southern wall of Luki Crater.
General Description STS-87 Shuttle Mission Imagery
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