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Astronaut survival training
Title Astronaut survival training
Full Description Astronauts participate in tropical survival training at Albrook Air Force Base near the Panama Canal. From left to right are an unidentified trainer, Neil Armstrong, John H. Glenn, Jr., L. Gordon Cooper, and Pete Conrad. Survival training was, and still is, an important exercise for astronauts, as a launch abort or misguided reentry could potentially land them in a remote wilderness area.
Date 03/11/1963
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS …
Title CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America
Abstract Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten.
Completed 2007-06-26
Photo Description Nils Larson is a research pilot in the Flight Crew Branch of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif. Larson joined NASA in February 2007 and will fly the F-15, F-18, T-38 and ER-2. Prior to joining NASA, Larson was on active duty with the U.S. Air Force. He has accumulated more that 4,900 hours of military and civilian flight experience in more than 70 fixed and rotary winged aircraft. Larson completed undergraduate pilot training at Williams Air Force Base, Chandler, Ariz., in 1987. He remained at Williams as a T-37 instructor pilot. In 1991, Larson was assigned to Beale Air Force Base, Calif., as a U-2 pilot. He flew 88 operational missions from Korea, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, Panama and other locations. Larson graduated from the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., in Class 95A. He became a flight commander and assistant operations officer for the 445th squadron at Edwards. He flew the radar, avionics integration and engine tests in F-15 A-D, the early flights of the glass cockpit T-38C and airworthiness flights of the Coast Guard RU-38. He was selected to serve as an Air Force exchange instructor at the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, Patuxent River, Md. He taught systems and fixed-wing flight test and flew as an instructor pilot in the F-18, T-2, U-6A Beaver and X-26 Schweizer sailplane. Larson commanded U-2 operations for Warner Robins Air Logistics Center's Detachment 2 located in Palmdale, Calif. In addition to flying the U-2, Larson supervised the aircraft's depot maintenance and flight test. He was the deputy group commander for the 412th Operations Group at Edwards before retiring from active duty in 2007 with the rank of lieutenant colonel. His first experience with NASA was at the Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, where he served a college summer internship working on arcjet engines. Larson is a native of Bethany, W.Va,, and received his commission from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1986 with a Bachelor of Science in astronautical engineering. He is a member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots.
Photo Date March 16, 2007
Heavy Rain Floods Panama
Title Heavy Rain Floods Panama
Description Beginning on November 22, 2006, a major stationary front (boundary between two air masses with different characteristics) released very heavy, sustained rain over Central Panama, flooding the Rio Indio to the west of Lago Gatun and the Panama Canal. The floods caused at least eight deaths, collapsed bridges, and cut off communities, reported The Washington Post. This image shows the intense rainfall that generated the floods. The analysis was produced by the Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis project at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, based in part on observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM [ http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ]) satellite collected between November 20 and November 28, 2006. The rain fell in fell in a classic "bull's-eye" pattern, with progressively lighter rainfall radiating out from the heaviest rainfall (shown in darker red). The heaviest rain is centered over the Rio Indio watershed west of the Panama Canal. Similarly high rainfall totals for the period are centered over the Caribbean and northern Colombia. Swollen rivers, roiling with mud from runoff and landslides, dumped a plume of sediment into the Caribbean, which can be seen sweeping eastward from the flood region in a photo-like satellite image taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite on November 26, two days after flooding was first reported. Sediment colors the ordinarily dark water aquamarine. Sediment plumes derived from numerous small rivers along the southern (Pacific) side of the isthmus and the Archipelago de Las Perlas are also visible. TRMM image courtesy Hal Pierce (SSAI/NASA GSFC), caption information courtesy Timothy Gubbels (SSAI) and SERVIR [ http://servir.nsstc.nasa.gov/ ].
Heavy Rains and Floods in Co …
Title Heavy Rains and Floods in Costa Rica
Description A strong Atlantic cold front and an area of low pressure combined to produce days of heavy rains that led to flooding, mudslides and two fatalities in Costa Rica. The heaviest rains fell on 11, 12 and 13 December 2003 along the Caribbean coastline. The TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (MPA) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center monitors rainfall over the global tropics. MPA rainfall totals are shown for Central America between December 8 and December 15, 2003. The heaviest rainfall, over 9 inches (darker reds), fell over the central Caribbean coastal area of Costa Rica in and around the port city of Limon, along the northern Caribbean coastline of Panama, and just off the northern Pacific coastline of Colombia. Typically December is the wettest month for the Caribbean slope before the rainy season comes to a close. TRMM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese space agency NASDA. Image produced by Hal Pierce (SSAI/NASA GSFC) and caption by Steve Lang (SSAI/NASA GSFC).
Heavy Rains and Floods in Co …
Title Heavy Rains and Floods in Costa Rica
Description A strong Atlantic cold front and an area of low pressure combined to produce days of heavy rains that led to flooding, mudslides and two fatalities in Costa Rica. The heaviest rains fell on 11, 12 and 13 December 2003 along the Caribbean coastline. The TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (MPA) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center monitors rainfall over the global tropics. MPA rainfall totals are shown for Central America between December 8 and December 15, 2003. The heaviest rainfall, over 9 inches (darker reds), fell over the central Caribbean coastal area of Costa Rica in and around the port city of Limon, along the northern Caribbean coastline of Panama, and just off the northern Pacific coastline of Colombia. Typically December is the wettest month for the Caribbean slope before the rainy season comes to a close. TRMM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese space agency NASDA. Image produced by Hal Pierce (SSAI/NASA GSFC) and caption by Steve Lang (SSAI/NASA GSFC).
Heavy Rains and Floods in Co …
Title Heavy Rains and Floods in Costa Rica
Description A strong Atlantic cold front and an area of low pressure combined to produce days of heavy rains that led to flooding, mudslides and two fatalities in Costa Rica. The heaviest rains fell on 11, 12 and 13 December 2003 along the Caribbean coastline. The TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (MPA) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center monitors rainfall over the global tropics. MPA rainfall totals are shown for Central America between December 8 and December 15, 2003. The heaviest rainfall, over 9 inches (darker reds), fell over the central Caribbean coastal area of Costa Rica in and around the port city of Limon, along the northern Caribbean coastline of Panama, and just off the northern Pacific coastline of Colombia. Typically December is the wettest month for the Caribbean slope before the rainy season comes to a close. TRMM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese space agency NASDA. Image produced by Hal Pierce (SSAI/NASA GSFC) and caption by Steve Lang (SSAI/NASA GSFC).
Heavy Rains Flood Costa Rica
Title Heavy Rains Flood Costa Rica
Description A tropical easterly wave contributed to heavy rains and flooding over much of Costa Rica. The hardest hit areas were along the Caribbean coastline and the Caribbean slope, and the heaviest rains fell on the May 10, 2004. At least 2000 people were forced to leave their homes and one man drowned as a result of the flooding. The TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (MPA) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center monitors rainfall over the global tropics. MPA rainfall totals are shown for Central America for the period 6-11 May, 2004. The highest rainfall totals are on the order of 12 inches (darker reds) and occur over the Caribbean coastal areas of Costa Rica and just off shore of the northern coast of Panama. Heavy rains also fell over mountainous areas in Colombia (red areas on the lower right) during the period. The east-west oriented line of moderate (yellow) to heavy rain (red) out over the eastern Pacific is associated with the intertropical convergence zone or ITCZ where trade winds from the northern and southern hemisphere collide.TRMM [ http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese space agency JAXA. Image produced by Hal Pierce (SSAI/NASA GSFC) and caption by Steve Lang (SSAI/NASA GSFC).
Hurricane Beta
Title Hurricane Beta
Description The 23rd storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season formed off the coast of Panama late on October 26, 2005. Dubbed "Beta" after the National Hurricane Center ran out of names, the storm set a new record for the number of tropical cyclones to form in the Atlantic during a single year. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this photo-like image of the storm at 2:50 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time on October 27, 2005. At the time, Beta had winds of 95 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour). It was expected to strengthen into a hurricane on its slow course north. The National Hurricane Center [ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/index.shtml? ] predicted that the storm would make landfall in Nicaragua on October 29, potentially causing deadly landslides in the steep mountains of Nicaragua and Honduras. Early in October, a glancing blow from Hurricane Stan [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=13189 ] triggered landslides across Central America, leaving thousands dead. The large image provided above has a resolution of 500 meters per pixel. It is available in additional resolutions from the MODIS Rapid Response Team. NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC
Hurricane Beta
Title Hurricane Beta
Description The 23rd storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season formed off the coast of Panama late on October 26, 2005. Dubbed "Beta," the storm set a new record for the number of tropical cyclones to form in the Atlantic during a single year. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this photo-like image of the hurricane at 2:40 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time on October 29, 2005. At the time, Beta had winds of 145 kilometers per hour (90 miles per hour). Hurricane Beta came ashore in Nicaragua on October 30, roughly a day after the MODIS observation above, bringing heavy rainfall in the steep mountains of Nicaragua and Honduras. The hurricane's Category-2-strength winds weakened to tropical-storm strength quickly after coming ashore, but the heavy rain [more than 450 millimeters (15 inches) fell in 24 hours in parts of Nicaragua] was far more dangerous than the hurricane-force winds. Early in October, a glancing blow from Hurricane Stan [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=13189 ] triggered landslides across Central America, leaving thousands dead. The large image provided above has a resolution of 250 meters per pixel. It is available in additional resolutions [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2005302-1029/Beta.A2005302.1840 ] from the MODIS Rapid Response Team. NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC
Fires in Panama
Title Fires in Panama
Description A few dozen fires (marked in red) burn in Panama, the narrow strip of land that connects North to South America. The fires add hazy clouds of grayish-blue smoke to the air, casting a haze over the Gulf of Panama and the Pacific Ocean. Off to the left, a bright streak of sliver crosses from the Pacific to the Caribbean Sea, this streak, called sun glint, is caused by the reflection of the sun on the water. The brighter (less diffuse) the silver, the calmer the water?s surface, and vice-versa. Panama?s most famous feature, the Panama Canal, is visible almost at image center stretching between Colon and Panama City. Colon is located on the shores of the Caribbean Sea just west of the peak of Panama's curve, while Panama City is located to the southeast on the Gulf of Panama. The Panama Canal is strategically very important, being the only crossing point from the Atlantic and Pacific without going south around the tip of South America via Drake Passage?a notoriously dangerous stretch of sea. This true-color Aqua MODIS image was acquired on March 28, 2003. The high-resolution image provided above is 500 meters per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response System provides this image at MODIS? maximum spatial resolution of 250 meters. Image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC
Tropical Storm Bonnie
Title Tropical Storm Bonnie
Description The MODIS instrument aboard NASA's Terra satellite captured this true-color image of Tropical Storm Bonnie on August 11 at 12:50 p.m. EDT. At the time this image was taken Bonnie had maximum sustained winds of 65 mph with an estimated minimum central pressure of 1000 millibars. Bonnie was expected to make landfall between Panama City and Apalachicola during the morning of August 12. The high-resolution image provided above has a spatial resolution of 1-square-kilometer per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response System provides this image at additional resolutions and formats. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC.
Hybrid Solar Eclipse
Title Hybrid Solar Eclipse
Explanation April's spectacular geocentric celestial event [ http://www.kidseclipse.com/pages/a1b3c1d0.htm ] was a rare hybrid eclipse [ http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEmono/HSE2005/ HSE2005.html ] of the Sun - a total or an annular eclipse could be seen depending on the observer's location. For Fred Espenak [ http://www.mreclipse.com/SEphoto/TSE2005/ TSE2005galleryA.html ], aboard a gently swaying ship within the middle of the Moon's shadow [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040926.html ] track about 2,200 kilometers west of the Galapagos, the eclipse was total, the lunar silhouette exactly covering the bright solar disk for a few brief moments. His camera captured a picture of totality revealing the extensive solar corona [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap031122.html ] and prominences [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010726.html ] rising above the Sun's edge. But for Stephan Heinsius [ http://www.stephan-heinsius.de ], near the end of the shadow track at Penonome Airfield, Panama, the Moon's apparent size had shrunk enough to create an annular eclipse, showing a complete annulus of the Sun's bright disk as a dramatic ring of fire [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap030605.html ]. Pictures from the two locations are compared above. How rare is such a hybrid eclipse? Calculations show that during the 21st century just 3.1% (7 out of 224) of solar eclipses are hybrid while hybrids comprise about 5% of all solar eclipses over the period 2000 BC to AD 4000 [ http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEcatmax/ SEhybrid.html ].
The Panama Canal
The Panama Canal stretches l …
Description The Panama Canal stretches like a ribbon of dark blue from the Pacific Ocean through Lake Gatún and out to the Atlantic. At noon on Dec. 31, 1999, the U.S. handed control of the canal over to Panama.
X-29 in Protective Cover Bei …
Title X-29 in Protective Cover Being Transported by Truck to Dryden
Description In a stark juxtaposition of nature and technology, the second X-29 forward-swept-wing research aircraft is shown here passing by one of the classic, spiny Joshua trees that populate the Mojave desert while being transported by truck to NASA's Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility (later the Dryden Flight Research Center), Edwards, California, on November 7, 1988. The aircraft, with its protective covering, traveled by ship from the manufacturer's plant on Long Island through the Panama Canal to Port Hueneme and then was trucked to Dryden. X-29 No. 2 was used in a high angle-of-attack research program which began in spring 1989. Two X-29 aircraft, featuring one of the most unusual designs in aviation history, flew at the Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility (now the Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California) from 1984 to 1992. The fighter-sized X-29 technology demonstrators explored several concepts and technologies including: the use of advanced composites in aircraft construction, variable-camber wing surfaces, a unique forward- swept wing and its thin supercritical airfoil, strakes, close-coupled canards, and a computerized fly-by-wire flight control system used to maintain control of the otherwise unstable aircraft. Research results showed that the configuration of forward-swept wings, coupled with movable canards, gave pilots excellent control response at angles of attack of up to 45 degrees. During its flight history, the X-29 aircraft flew 422 research missions and a total of 436 missions. Sixty of the research flights were part of the X-29 follow-on "vortex control" phase. The forward-swept wing of the X-29 resulted in reverse airflow, toward the fuselage rather than away from it, as occurs on the usual aft-swept wing. Consequently, on the forward-swept wing, the ailerons remained unstalled at high angles of attack. This provided better airflow over the ailerons and prevented stalling (loss of lift) at high angles of attack. Introduction of composite materials in the 1970s opened a new field of aircraft construction. It also made possible the construction of the X-29's thin supercritical wing. State-of-the-art composites allowed aeroelastic tailoring which, in turn, allowed the wing some bending but limited twisting and eliminated structural divergence within the flight envelope (i.e. deformation of the wing or the wing breaking off in flight). Additionally, composite materials allowed the wing to be sufficiently rigid for safe flight without adding an unacceptable weight penalty. The X-29 project consisted of two phases plus the follow-on vortex-control phase. Phase 1 demonstrated that the forward sweep of the X-29 wings kept the wing tips unstalled at the moderate angles of attack flown in that phase (a maximum of 21 degrees). Phase I also demonstrated that the aeroelastic tailored wing prevented structural divergence of the wing within the flight envelope, and that the control laws and control-surface effectiveness were adequate, to provide artificial stability for an otherwise unstable aircraft. Phase 1 further demonstrated that the X-29 configuration could fly safely and reliably, even in tight turns. During Phase 2 of the project, the X-29, flying at an angle of attack of up to 67 degrees, demonstrated much better control and maneuvering qualities than computational methods and simulation models had predicted . During 120 research flights in this phase, NASA, Air Force, and Grumman project pilots reported the X-29 aircraft had excellent control response to an angle of attack of 45 degrees and still had limited controllability at a 67-degree angle of attack. This controllability at high angles of attack can be attributed to the aircraft's unique forward-swept wing- canard design. The NASA/Air Force-designed high-gain flight control laws also contributed to the good flying qualities. During the Air Force-initiated vortex-control phase, the X-29 successfully demonstrated vortex flow control (VFC). This VFC was more effective than expected in generating yaw forces, especially in high angles of attack where the rudder is less effective. VFC was less effective in providing control when sideslip (wind pushing on the side of the aircraft) was present, and it did little to decrease rocking oscillation of the aircraft. The X-29 vehicle was a single-engine aircraft, 48.1 feet long with a wing span of 27.2 feet. Each aircraft was powered by a General Electric F404-GE-400 engine producing 16,000 pounds of thrust. The program was a joint effort of the Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the U.S. Air Force, the Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility, the Air Force Flight Test Center, and the Grumman Corporation. The program was managed by the Air Force's Wright Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.
Date 01.01.1988
Tehuano Wind Colors the Ocea …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In the Central American wint …
tehuantepec_sea_2003343
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-12-09
creator NASA -- Image provided by the SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE. Interpretation excerpted and adapted from this SeaWiFS daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/papagayo.shtml Science Focus! Webpage at the Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Sciences DAAC.
identifier tehuantepec_sea_2003343
Heavy Rain Floods Panama: Na …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Beginning on November 22, 20 …
panama_TRM_2006331
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-11-27
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier panama_TRM_2006331
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-021
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-021
Heavy Rains Flood Costa Rica …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
A tropical easterly wave con …
CostaRica_TRMM2004132
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-05-11
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier CostaRica_TRMM2004132
Barro Colorado Island: Image …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Vaguely resembling a giant s …
BCI_QB2002089
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2002-03-29
creator NASA -- Caption by the JASON Project and David Herring. Image by Jason Drake, Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, using QuickBird data copyright www.digitalglobe.com/products/quickbird.shtml DigitalGlobe . Photo of Guayacan trees courtesy www.stri.org/Educational_Links/guayac/ Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute .
identifier BCI_QB2002089
Tropical Storm Beta: Image o …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The 23rd storm of the 2005 A …
Beta_AMO_2005300
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-10-26
creator NASA -- NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC
identifier Beta_AMO_2005300
Flight Research Pilots
drydenimagegallery, nasa
ED07-0046-7 Nils Larson is a …
333163main_ED07-0046-7
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2009-07-07
creator NASA
identifier 333163main_ED07-0046-7
Deforestation around the Pan …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
panama_l5-7_oct86may02
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2002-05-28
creator NASA -- NASA images created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained courtesy of the Landsat Project Science Office and the University of Maryland's glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/index.shtml Global Land Cover Facility .
identifier panama_l5-7_oct86may02
Panama Canal: Image of the D …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The Panama Canal is a 50-mil …
ISS006-E-23743
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-01-30
creator NASA -- Astronaut photograph eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=ISS006& roll=E&frame=23743 ISS006-E-23743 was taken with an Electronic Still Camera equipped with an 85 mm lens, and is provided by the Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory at Johnson Space Center. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC eol.jsc.nasa.gov/ Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
identifier ISS006-E-23743
Rainforests of Panama: Image …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Tropical rainforests are war …
bci_ndvi200003
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004
creator NASA -- Caption by the JASON Project and David Herring. Image by Reto Stockli, NASA Earth Observatory, using Landsat 7 data courtesy Jerome Chave, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, France.
identifier bci_ndvi200003
Rainforests of Panama: Image …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Tropical rainforests are war …
bci_ndvi200003
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004
creator NASA -- Caption by the JASON Project and David Herring. Image by Reto Stockli, NASA Earth Observatory, using Landsat 7 data courtesy Jerome Chave, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, France.
identifier bci_ndvi200003
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-030
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-030
Panama: Isthmus that Changed …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
February 2000 by the Shuttle …
Panama_SRTM
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003
creator NASA -- Image Courtesy www.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/ SRTM Team NASA/JPL/NIMA
identifier Panama_SRTM
Cape Horn: Image of the Day
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The southern tip of South Am …
capehorn_ast_2005263
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-09-20
creator NASA -- NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ASTER Science Team
identifier capehorn_ast_2005263
ASTRONAUT GROUP - TRAINING - …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Some of NASA's sixteen astro …
S63-08394
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1963-06-06
creator NASA
identifier S63-08394
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-095
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-095
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-008
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-008
Hurricane Beta: Natural Haza …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
The 23rd storm of the 2005 A …
Beta.A2005302.1840
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-10-30
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier Beta.A2005302.1840
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-031
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-031
Heavy Rains and Floods in Co …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
costarica_flood.TRMM2003349
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-12-15
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier costarica_flood.TRMM2003349
Heavy Rains and Floods in Co …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
costarica_flood.TRMM2003349
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-12-15
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier costarica_flood.TRMM2003349
Fires in Panama: Natural Haz …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
A few dozen fires (marked in …
Panama.AMOA2003087
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-03-28
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier Panama.AMOA2003087
Earth observations from STS- …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Photographic documentation o …
STS062-85-026
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1994-03-07
creator NASA
identifier STS062-85-026
Colored Height and Shaded Re …
PIA03364
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar
Title Colored Height and Shaded Relief, Central America
Original Caption Released with Image Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, southern Mexico and parts of Cuba and Jamaica are all seen in this image from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. The dominant feature of the northern part of Central America is the Sierra Madre Range, spreading east from Mexico between the narrow Pacific coastal plain and the limestone lowland of the Yucatan Peninsula. Parallel hill ranges sweep across Honduras and extend south, past the Caribbean Mosquito Coast to lakes Managua and Nicaragua. The Cordillera Central rises to the south, gradually descending to Lake Gatun and the Isthmus of Panama. A highly active volcanic belt runs along the Pacific seaboard from Mexico to Costa Rica. High-quality satellite imagery of Central America has, until now, been difficult to obtain due to persistent cloud cover in this region of the world. The ability of SRTM to penetrate clouds and make three-dimensional measurements has allowed the generation of the first complete high-resolution topographic map of the entire region. This map was used to generate the image. Two visualization methods were combined to produce the image: shading and color coding of topographic height. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the north-south direction. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow, red, and magenta, to white at the highest elevations. For an annotated version of this image, please select Figure 1, below:(Large image: ~9 mB jpeg) Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. The mission used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter (200-foot)-long mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense, and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Size: 1720 by 1670 kilometers (1068 by 1036 miles) Location: 14.5 degrees North latitude, 85.0 degrees West longitude Orientation: North toward the top Image Data: Shaded and colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
Colored Height and Shaded Re …
PIA03364
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar
Title Colored Height and Shaded Relief, Central America
Original Caption Released with Image Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, southern Mexico and parts of Cuba and Jamaica are all seen in this image from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. The dominant feature of the northern part of Central America is the Sierra Madre Range, spreading east from Mexico between the narrow Pacific coastal plain and the limestone lowland of the Yucatan Peninsula. Parallel hill ranges sweep across Honduras and extend south, past the Caribbean Mosquito Coast to lakes Managua and Nicaragua. The Cordillera Central rises to the south, gradually descending to Lake Gatun and the Isthmus of Panama. A highly active volcanic belt runs along the Pacific seaboard from Mexico to Costa Rica. High-quality satellite imagery of Central America has, until now, been difficult to obtain due to persistent cloud cover in this region of the world. The ability of SRTM to penetrate clouds and make three-dimensional measurements has allowed the generation of the first complete high-resolution topographic map of the entire region. This map was used to generate the image. Two visualization methods were combined to produce the image: shading and color coding of topographic height. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the north-south direction. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow, red, and magenta, to white at the highest elevations. For an annotated version of this image, please select Figure 1, below:(Large image: ~9 mB jpeg) Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. The mission used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter (200-foot)-long mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense, and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Size: 1720 by 1670 kilometers (1068 by 1036 miles) Location: 14.5 degrees North latitude, 85.0 degrees West longitude Orientation: North toward the top Image Data: Shaded and colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
Perspective View with Color- …
PIA03368
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar
Title Perspective View with Color-Coded Shaded Relief, Panama Canal
Original Caption Released with Image This perspective view shows the Panama Canal with the Gulf of Panama in the foreground and the Caribbean Sea in the distance. The canal runs northwest-southeast from the city of Colon on the Atlantic side to Panama City on the Pacific side. Water levels are maintained along its length by three reservoirs, the largest of which is Lake Gatun, visible at the right center of the image. Built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914, the canal extends for approximately 50 miles, and is widely considered to be one of the world's great engineering achievements. This shaded relief perspective view was generated using topographic data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). A computer-generated artificial light source illuminates the elevation data to produce a pattern of light and shadows. Slopes facing the light appear bright, while those facing away are shaded. On flatter surfaces, the pattern of light and shadows can reveal subtle features in the terrain. Colors show the elevation as measured by SRTM, and range from green at the lowest elevations to white at the highest elevations. SRTM, launched on February 11, 2000, uses the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. The mission is designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, an additional C-band imaging antenna and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) and the German (DLR) and Italian (ASI) space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Size: scale varies in this perspective image Location: 9.0 degrees North latitude, 79.8 degrees West longitude Orientation: looking West Original Data Resolution: SRTM 30 meters (99 feet) Date Acquired: February 2000 (SRTM)
Perspective View with Color- …
PIA03369
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar
Title Perspective View with Color-Coded Shaded Relief, Central Panama
Original Caption Released with Image This perspective view shows central Panama, with the remnants of the extinct volcano El Valle in the foreground and the Caribbean Sea in the distance. El Valle underwent an explosive eruption about 3 million years ago, forming a crater 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) across, one of the largest in the Americas. The crater subsequently filled with water forming a huge lake, but about 12,000 years ago a breach at the present site of the waterfall Choro de las Mozas caused it to drain, forming the present valley. Within the crater is the town of El Valle de Anton, whose 600-meter (1,968-foot) elevation and resulting cooler climate make it a popular tourist and vacation site. The lake in the distance is Lake Gatun, at the west end of the Panama Canal. The canal itself extends to the southwest (to the right in this northeast facing view) but is hidden by the intervening terrain. This shaded relief perspective view was generated using topographic data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). A computer-generated artificial light source illuminates the elevation data to produce a pattern of light and shadows. Slopes facing the light appear bright, while those facing away are shaded. On flatter surfaces, the pattern of light and shadows can reveal subtle features in the terrain. Colors show the elevation as measured by SRTM, and range from green at the lowest elevations to white at the highest elevations. SRTM, launched on February 11, 2000, uses the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. The mission is designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, an additional C-band imaging antenna and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) and the German (DLR) and Italian (ASI) space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Size: scale varies in this perspective image Location: 8.8 degrees North latitude, 80.0 degrees West longitude Orientation: looking Northeast Original Data Resolution: SRTM 30 meters (99 feet) Date Acquired: February 2000 (SRTM)
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