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Images of Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) from 2006 and 2007
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The Carina Nebula: Star Birt
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| Title |
The Carina Nebula: Star Birth in the Extreme |
| General Information |
What is Hubble Heritage? A monthly showcase of new and archival Hubble images. Go to the Heritage site. In celebration of the 17th anniversary of the launch and deployment of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, a team of astronomers is releasing one of the largest panoramic images ever taken with Hubble's cameras. READ: Junior version of this article Amazing Space Learn about this story in the Star Witness, a science newspaper available on our sister site, Amazing Space. [ http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/news/archive/2007/02/ ] It is a 50-light-year-wide view of the central region of the Carina Nebula where a maelstrom of star birth —, and death —, is taking place. This image is a mosaic of the Carina Nebula assembled from 48 frames taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. The Hubble images were taken in the light of neutral hydrogen during March and July 2005. Color information was added with data taken in December 2001 and March 2003 at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Red corresponds to sulfur, green to hydrogen, and blue to oxygen emission. |
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The Carina Nebula: Star Birt
…
| Title |
The Carina Nebula: Star Birth in the Extreme |
| General Information |
What is Hubble Heritage? A monthly showcase of new and archival Hubble images. Go to the Heritage site. In celebration of the 17th anniversary of the launch and deployment of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, a team of astronomers is releasing one of the largest panoramic images ever taken with Hubble's cameras. READ: Junior version of this article Amazing Space Learn about this story in the Star Witness, a science newspaper available on our sister site, Amazing Space. [ http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/news/archive/2007/02/ ] It is a 50-light-year-wide view of the central region of the Carina Nebula where a maelstrom of star birth —, and death —, is taking place. This image is a mosaic of the Carina Nebula assembled from 48 frames taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. The Hubble images were taken in the light of neutral hydrogen during March and July 2005. Color information was added with data taken in December 2001 and March 2003 at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Red corresponds to sulfur, green to hydrogen, and blue to oxygen emission. |
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The Carina Nebula: Star Birt
…
| Title |
The Carina Nebula: Star Birth in the Extreme |
| General Information |
What is Hubble Heritage? A monthly showcase of new and archival Hubble images. Go to the Heritage site. In celebration of the 17th anniversary of the launch and deployment of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, a team of astronomers is releasing one of the largest panoramic images ever taken with Hubble's cameras. READ: Junior version of this article Amazing Space Learn about this story in the Star Witness, a science newspaper available on our sister site, Amazing Space. [ http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/news/archive/2007/02/ ] It is a 50-light-year-wide view of the central region of the Carina Nebula where a maelstrom of star birth —, and death —, is taking place. This image is a mosaic of the Carina Nebula assembled from 48 frames taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. The Hubble images were taken in the light of neutral hydrogen during March and July 2005. Color information was added with data taken in December 2001 and March 2003 at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Red corresponds to sulfur, green to hydrogen, and blue to oxygen emission. |
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Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
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Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
|
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
|
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
|
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
|
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cov
…
| Title |
Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions. Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-11-29 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orb
…
| Title |
STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits |
| Abstract |
The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth. This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. |
| Completed |
2007-02-05 |
|
AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperatu
…
| Title |
AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature |
| Abstract |
This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a 3-day moving average of AMSR-E sea surface temperature (SST) over the western hemisphere from the beginning of 2005 to early December, 2006. In addition, seasonal MODIS landcover shows the advance and retreat of snow over the northern hemisphere. This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. |
| Completed |
2006-12-06 |
|
Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-
…
| Title |
Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2007 |
| Abstract |
In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry as new shipping lanes open. This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2007. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The 'previous record' and the '2007' record are highlighted. |
| Completed |
2007-09-24 |
|
Range safety and phased-arra
…
| Photo Description |
Range safety and phased-array range user system antennas validated in the ECANS project can be seen just behind the cockpit on NASA's NF-15B research aircraft. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
The jagged ridges of Souther
…
| Photo Description |
The jagged ridges of Southern California's Tehachapi Mountains form the backdrop to NASA's brightly-colored NF-15B testbed aircraft during a research mission. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
New range safety and range u
…
| Photo Description |
New range safety and range user system antennas for the ECANS project can be seen just behind and to the left of the cockpit on NASA's NF-15B research aircraft. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
Antennas used for the Space-
…
| Photo Description |
Antennas used for the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project protrude from the top of NASA's NF-15B testbed during a research flight. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
Two small Range Safety Syste
…
| Photo Description |
Two small Range Safety System antennas are visible just behind the engine inlets of NASA's NF-15B research aircraft as it banks away from the chase plane. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
NASA's highly modified NF-15
…
| Photo Description |
NASA's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft cruises over Southern California's Tehachapi Mountains near Lake Isabella during a research mission. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 26, 2007 |
|
NASA's highly modified NF-15
…
| Photo Description |
NASA's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft is hoisted high in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base for antenna radiation pattern tests. |
| Project Description |
NASA's Dryden Fight Research Center conducted a series of ground and airborne tests of improved space-based communications and tracking technologies during the Space-Based Range Demonstration and Certification project under the Exploration Communications and Navigation Systems program. The project developed and demonstrated state-of-the-art space-based communication links for tracking data, telemetry and flight termination systems. It will help eliminate the need for downrange ground-based infrastructure now used for aircraft and space launch vehicles. Results of the flight tests will also aid certification of the new systems for operational use. NASA Dryden's highly modified NF-15B research aircraft served as the testbed for this project. NASA research pilot Jim Smolka and flight test engineer Mike Thomson flew a series of 13 flights over a four-month period from November 2006 through February 2007. The first half-dozen of these flights checked out new Ku-band phased array antennas and associated transceivers for the Range Safety and Range User Systems, while the remaining flights validated the Range Safety System. Both systems were linked between the aircraft, the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), and test ranges at Dryden and White Sands in New Mexico, with data transmitted to Goddard Space Flight Center, Md. and Kennedy Space Center, Fla. The range safety antennas installed on the aircraft also underwent antenna radiation pattern testing in the Benefield Anechoic Facility at Edwards Air Force Base to validate the actual flight data. A space-based communications system using current satellite technologies could reduce operational costs of ground-based test range assets, and is applicable to a variety of manned and unmanned research aircraft and expendable space launch vehicles. The multi-center project was led by the Kennedy Space Center. |
| Photo Date |
February 2, 2007 |
|
Activity on Nyiragongo
| Title |
Activity on Nyiragongo |
| Description |
On June 19, 2007, Mount Nyiragongo released a plume. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov ] satellite took this picture the same day. In this image, the blue-tinted plume blows over Lake Kivu toward the southeast. The plume's light color suggests that it consists primarily of water vapor. A bright, opaque white puff at the volcano's summit could be part of the plume, but it is more likely a patch of clouds. Clouds also hover over neighboring Mount Nyamuragira, to the northwest.Nyiragongo [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0203-03= ] is a stratovolcanoa steep-sloped cone composed of alternating layers of hardened lava, solidified ash, and rocks ejected by previous eruptions. For five decades, the volcano cradled an active lava lake in its summit crater. The lava lake drained in 1977, causing numerous fatalities. In 2002, lava flows from the volcano covered parts of the nearby city of Goma. Neighboring Nyamuragira [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0203-02= ] (also known as Mount Nyamulagira) is a shield volcanoa shallow-sloped volcano resembling a giant warrior shieldformed from hardened lava flows. Despite its lower profile, it, too, harbored a lava lake in its summit crater. That lake drained in 1938, at the same time as a major eruption from one of the volcano's flanks. Historically, lava flows from this volcano have reached Lake Kivu. This volcano experienced a significant eruption in November 2006. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images_topic.php3?topic=land&img_id=17483 ] You can download a 250-meter-resolution KMZ file of Nyiragongo [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Jun2007/nyiragongo_tmo_2007170.kmz ] for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
|
Floods in Madagascar
| Title |
Floods in Madagascar |
| Description |
A string of tropical cyclones, including Cyclones Favio, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14119 ] Clovis, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14055 ] and Bondo, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14052 ] struck Madagascar from December to February 2007, dumping heavy rain on the island nation. The resulting floods left almost 25,000 people in need of assistance and destroyed an estimated 200,000 tons of rice, reported Reuters [ http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L19321059.htm ] on February 19. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the top image of flooding in western Madagascar on February 21, 2007. Full of the region's characteristic red mud, the Betsiboka River and surrounding rivers are bright blue instead of black or dark blue, as water usually is in this type of image. The lower image, acquired on December 16, 2006, shows the rivers before the cyclones struck. These rivers are prone to flooding during the rainy season, and the cyclones and seasonal rains pushed them well over their dry-season extent. By February 21, the Betsiboka was a wide blue ribbon surrounded by pools of water. These images were made with infrared and visible light so that water is black and blue. Clouds are blue and white, and plant-covered land is green. Bare ground is tan, freshly burned land is dark orange, and active fires are outlined in red. The rains not only brought floods, but turned the landscape from tan to green as plants flourished. To see a photo-like version of the images, please visit the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?Madagascar/2007052 ] web site. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Floods in Madagascar
| Title |
Floods in Madagascar |
| Description |
A string of tropical cyclones, including Cyclones Favio, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14119 ] Clovis, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14055 ] and Bondo, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14052 ] struck Madagascar from December to February 2007, dumping heavy rain on the island nation. The resulting floods left almost 25,000 people in need of assistance and destroyed an estimated 200,000 tons of rice, reported Reuters [ http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L19321059.htm ] on February 19. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the top image of flooding in western Madagascar on February 21, 2007. Full of the region's characteristic red mud, the Betsiboka River and surrounding rivers are bright blue instead of black or dark blue, as water usually is in this type of image. The lower image, acquired on December 16, 2006, shows the rivers before the cyclones struck. These rivers are prone to flooding during the rainy season, and the cyclones and seasonal rains pushed them well over their dry-season extent. By February 21, the Betsiboka was a wide blue ribbon surrounded by pools of water. These images were made with infrared and visible light so that water is black and blue. Clouds are blue and white, and plant-covered land is green. Bare ground is tan, freshly burned land is dark orange, and active fires are outlined in red. The rains not only brought floods, but turned the landscape from tan to green as plants flourished. To see a photo-like version of the images, please visit the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?Madagascar/2007052 ] web site. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Floods in Northern Argentina
| Title |
Floods in Northern Argentina |
| Description |
Months of flooding washed even more mud into the wide Rio de la Plata estuary than usual, changing its normally tan waters to a deep chocolate brown. Floods swept across Argentina and Uruguay starting in January and ending in late March 2007, when nearly half the average annual rainfall came down in just a few days. The floods inundated farmland and isolated and damaged cities. Soy farmers may have lost more than two million metric tons of their crop in Santa Fe, the most affected province, reported Bloomberg. [ http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086&sid=ajKC2Su30zLs&refer=latin_america ] As the floods drained down the Paraná and Uruguay Rivers, the water swept soil into the rivers. By the time the two rivers converged into the Rio de la Plata, the water was thick with sediment as shown in the top, photo-like image. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the image on April 12, 2007. The lower image, also from Terra MODIS, was taken the previous year, when the sediment in the river was closer to normal levels. The high volume of water draining into the estuary has turned the normally calm, bland surface into multi-shaded streams of mixing water. The high flow is also pushing more sediment out into the hook-shaped Samborombón Bay on the south side of the estuary. Signs of flooding are also evident in the wetlands along the Paraná River. Instead of being deep green as they were in April 2006, the wetlands are almost black under a layer of water. Tan streams of sediment flow from the main channel of the river over the soaked wetlands. Beyond the wetlands and the riverbanks are tiny tan and green squares of farmland. The silver semi-circle on the southern bank of the Rio de la Plata is Argentina's capital, Buenos Aires, and the constellation of cities that surround it. Uruguay's capital, Montevideo, is the silver area along the northern shore of the estuary in the top image (under clouds in the 2006 image). NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
|
Floods in Northern Argentina
| Title |
Floods in Northern Argentina |
| Description |
Months of flooding washed even more mud into the wide Rio de la Plata estuary than usual, changing its normally tan waters to a deep chocolate brown. Floods swept across Argentina and Uruguay starting in January and ending in late March 2007, when nearly half the average annual rainfall came down in just a few days. The floods inundated farmland and isolated and damaged cities. Soy farmers may have lost more than two million metric tons of their crop in Santa Fe, the most affected province, reported Bloomberg. [ http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086&sid=ajKC2Su30zLs&refer=latin_america ] As the floods drained down the Paraná and Uruguay Rivers, the water swept soil into the rivers. By the time the two rivers converged into the Rio de la Plata, the water was thick with sediment as shown in the top, photo-like image. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the image on April 12, 2007. The lower image, also from Terra MODIS, was taken the previous year, when the sediment in the river was closer to normal levels. The high volume of water draining into the estuary has turned the normally calm, bland surface into multi-shaded streams of mixing water. The high flow is also pushing more sediment out into the hook-shaped Samborombón Bay on the south side of the estuary. Signs of flooding are also evident in the wetlands along the Paraná River. Instead of being deep green as they were in April 2006, the wetlands are almost black under a layer of water. Tan streams of sediment flow from the main channel of the river over the soaked wetlands. Beyond the wetlands and the riverbanks are tiny tan and green squares of farmland. The silver semi-circle on the southern bank of the Rio de la Plata is Argentina's capital, Buenos Aires, and the constellation of cities that surround it. Uruguay's capital, Montevideo, is the silver area along the northern shore of the estuary in the top image (under clouds in the 2006 image). NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
|
Floods in Southern Africa
| Title |
Floods in Southern Africa |
| Description |
A black web of water surrounds the Zambezi River in the top image, captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite on February 10, 2007. Mozambique was experiencing its worst floods in six years when the Zambezi flowed over its banks in January and February 2007, reported the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA [ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/YZHG-6YCQR4?OpenDocument&rc=1&emid=FL-2007-000011-ZMB ]). As of February 12, an estimated 29 people had died and 60,000 had been evacuated from the river's banks. Early and heavy rains fell over the entire Zambezi Basin, pushing the Zambezi and many of its tributaries into flood stage. The floods are likely to worsen as the 2,574-kilometer-long river receives water from its swollen tributaries in Angola, Namibia, Zambia, and Malawi. Releases from the massive Cahora Bassa Reservoir, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14110 ] which is reaching its capacity, are also expected to make flooding worse along the lower Zambezi. These images show the lower Zambezi where it meets the Shire River flowing south from Malawi, one of the most severely affected regions in Mozambique. The top image provides a remarkably cloud-free view of the floods, while the lower image, taken on December 31, 2006, shows the region before the rains started in January. The images were made with a combination of infrared and visible light to highlight the presence of water on the ground. Water is black or dark blue, while plant-covered land is green. Bare earth is tan and pink, and clouds are pale blue and white. Fires are outlined in red. Images such as these and photo-like, true-color images are provided by the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?FAS_SMozambique/2007041 ] on a daily basis. NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Floods in Southern Africa
| Title |
Floods in Southern Africa |
| Description |
A black web of water surrounds the Zambezi River in the top image, captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite on February 10, 2007. Mozambique was experiencing its worst floods in six years when the Zambezi flowed over its banks in January and February 2007, reported the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA [ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/YZHG-6YCQR4?OpenDocument&rc=1&emid=FL-2007-000011-ZMB ]). As of February 12, an estimated 29 people had died and 60,000 had been evacuated from the river's banks. Early and heavy rains fell over the entire Zambezi Basin, pushing the Zambezi and many of its tributaries into flood stage. The floods are likely to worsen as the 2,574-kilometer-long river receives water from its swollen tributaries in Angola, Namibia, Zambia, and Malawi. Releases from the massive Cahora Bassa Reservoir, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14110 ] which is reaching its capacity, are also expected to make flooding worse along the lower Zambezi. These images show the lower Zambezi where it meets the Shire River flowing south from Malawi, one of the most severely affected regions in Mozambique. The top image provides a remarkably cloud-free view of the floods, while the lower image, taken on December 31, 2006, shows the region before the rains started in January. The images were made with a combination of infrared and visible light to highlight the presence of water on the ground. Water is black or dark blue, while plant-covered land is green. Bare earth is tan and pink, and clouds are pale blue and white. Fires are outlined in red. Images such as these and photo-like, true-color images are provided by the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?FAS_SMozambique/2007041 ] on a daily basis. NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Floods in Southern Africa
| Title |
Floods in Southern Africa |
| Description |
On February 8, 2007, the government of Mozambique ordered the evacuation of 2,500 people as water levels on the Zambezi River continued to rise, reported the BBC. [ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6341725.stm ] Floods have threatened many countries in southern Africa since early 2007, when the rainy season got an unusually early and intense start. As rivers in Zambia, Malawi, and Zimbabwe filled, they drained into the Zambezi River, which spilled over its banks in many locations. By early February, the situation continued to deteriorate, driven in part by the vast amount of water being released from the Cahora Bassa Dam in western Mozambique. On February 6, as much as 5,170 cubic meters of water was being discharged from the dam every second, as more than 8,000 cubic meters of water flowed into the reservoir, said the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA [ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/YSAR-6Y6LWF?OpenDocument&rc=1&emid=FL-2007-000011-ZMB ]). The dam was approaching its capacity on February 8, said OCHA, when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the top image. The image shows the western shore of the Cahora Bassa Reservoir where the Zambezi and its tributary, the Luangwa River, form the back edge of the lake. The dam itself is beyond the right edge of the above image, but is shown in the large image. The lower image shows the region on December 24, 2006, before the rains started. By February 8, the reservoir had expanded to the confluence of the two rivers. The Luangwa River had also widened well beyond its dry-season banks. The water in the Cohora Bassa Reservoir lightened from blue-black to a dusty blue with the influx of muddy flood water. Both of these images were created with a combination of infrared and visible light that makes water appear dark blue or black. Plant-covered land is bright green, and bare or sparsely vegetated land is tan-pink. Clouds are white and pale blue. The MODIS Rapid Response System [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?FAS_Zambia/2007039 ] produces similar false-color images as well as photo-like, true-color images of southern Africa daily. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Floods in Southern Africa
| Title |
Floods in Southern Africa |
| Description |
On February 8, 2007, the government of Mozambique ordered the evacuation of 2,500 people as water levels on the Zambezi River continued to rise, reported the BBC. [ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6341725.stm ] Floods have threatened many countries in southern Africa since early 2007, when the rainy season got an unusually early and intense start. As rivers in Zambia, Malawi, and Zimbabwe filled, they drained into the Zambezi River, which spilled over its banks in many locations. By early February, the situation continued to deteriorate, driven in part by the vast amount of water being released from the Cahora Bassa Dam in western Mozambique. On February 6, as much as 5,170 cubic meters of water was being discharged from the dam every second, as more than 8,000 cubic meters of water flowed into the reservoir, said the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA [ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/YSAR-6Y6LWF?OpenDocument&rc=1&emid=FL-2007-000011-ZMB ]). The dam was approaching its capacity on February 8, said OCHA, when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the top image. The image shows the western shore of the Cahora Bassa Reservoir where the Zambezi and its tributary, the Luangwa River, form the back edge of the lake. The dam itself is beyond the right edge of the above image, but is shown in the large image. The lower image shows the region on December 24, 2006, before the rains started. By February 8, the reservoir had expanded to the confluence of the two rivers. The Luangwa River had also widened well beyond its dry-season banks. The water in the Cohora Bassa Reservoir lightened from blue-black to a dusty blue with the influx of muddy flood water. Both of these images were created with a combination of infrared and visible light that makes water appear dark blue or black. Plant-covered land is bright green, and bare or sparsely vegetated land is tan-pink. Clouds are white and pale blue. The MODIS Rapid Response System [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?FAS_Zambia/2007039 ] produces similar false-color images as well as photo-like, true-color images of southern Africa daily. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. |
|
Bodele Depression Dust Storm
| Title |
Bodele Depression Dust Storm |
| Description |
On April 11, 2007, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured dual dust plumes blowing out of the Bodele Depression toward Lake Chad. In this image, the dust plumes appear as feathery brushes of off-white on a darker tan landscape. Close inspection shows some of the source points for the dust stormthe locations where dust is initially borne aloft. To the southwest of the dust plumes, Lake Chad sports a hotspot where MODIS has detected unusually warm surface temperatures, indicating a fire. Situated south of the Tibesti Mountains and east of the Ennedi Mountains, the Bodele Depression endures regular winds as air masses are squeezed between the mountain ranges. Once aloft, the dust often continues travelingsometimes all the way across the Atlantic. Research published in 2006 concluded that the Bodele Depression actually fertilizes [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17512 ] the Amazon Rainforest in South America. Lake Chad, which straddles the borders of four nations, has gradually shrunk [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4714 ] for decades. The fire along its margin in this image shows how dry the area has become. NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team, [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] Goddard Space Flight Center |
|
Floods in the Midwestern Uni
…
| Title |
Floods in the Midwestern United States |
| Description |
August 2007 was the wettest month ever recorded for many places in Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin, with rainfall totals ranging from 23.86 inches in Hokah, Minnesota, to 12.79 inches in Winona Dam, Minnesota, said the National Weather Service. [ http://www.crh.noaa.gov/crnews/display_story.php?wfo=arx&storyid=9990&source=0 ] While the entire month was rainy, much of the rain fell on August 18-20, when several thunderstorms rolled across the region. The thunderstorms triggered disastrous flooding in several Midwest communities, including La Crosse, Wisconsin. A little over 10 inches of rain fell in La Crosse in the 24-hour period that spanned August 18 and August 19, and flash floods resulted. Combined with rains from the rest of August, this rainfall let La Crosse set a new monthly precipitation record of 17 inches. By August 27, when the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ]) captured the top image, the floods had largely retreated, though visible signs of flooding remained. Compared to the lower image, acquired on September 7, 2006, the landscape to the west of the Mississippi River is pocked with pools of water. The city of La Crosse, the bright white and gray grid on the east side of the river, appears to have dried out. The city appears much as it did nearly a year earlier with no visible sign of flooding. You can download a 15-meter-resolution KMZ file of the 2007 image of La Crosse [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Sep2007/lacrosse_ast_2007239.kmz ] suitable for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/ ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ] |
|
Floods in the Midwestern Uni
…
| Title |
Floods in the Midwestern United States |
| Description |
August 2007 was the wettest month ever recorded for many places in Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin, with rainfall totals ranging from 23.86 inches in Hokah, Minnesota, to 12.79 inches in Winona Dam, Minnesota, said the National Weather Service. [ http://www.crh.noaa.gov/crnews/display_story.php?wfo=arx&storyid=9990&source=0 ] While the entire month was rainy, much of the rain fell on August 18-20, when several thunderstorms rolled across the region. The thunderstorms triggered disastrous flooding in several Midwest communities, including La Crosse, Wisconsin. A little over 10 inches of rain fell in La Crosse in the 24-hour period that spanned August 18 and August 19, and flash floods resulted. Combined with rains from the rest of August, this rainfall let La Crosse set a new monthly precipitation record of 17 inches. By August 27, when the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ]) captured the top image, the floods had largely retreated, though visible signs of flooding remained. Compared to the lower image, acquired on September 7, 2006, the landscape to the west of the Mississippi River is pocked with pools of water. The city of La Crosse, the bright white and gray grid on the east side of the river, appears to have dried out. The city appears much as it did nearly a year earlier with no visible sign of flooding. You can download a 15-meter-resolution KMZ file of the 2007 image of La Crosse [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Sep2007/lacrosse_ast_2007239.kmz ] suitable for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/ ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ] |
|
Colorado Snow
| Title |
Colorado Snow |
| Description |
By January 7, 2007, Colorado had endured three major snowstorms in as many weeks. The first [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14054 ] storm arrived on December 20. The second arrived on December 28, and the third struck on January 5. According to Denver's Channel 4 news station snow totals for the second storm [ http://cbs4denver.com/weatherblog/local_blogentry_363165702.html ] ranged from 15 to 70 centimeters (6 to 27.5 inches), and for the third storm [ http://cbs4denver.com/weatherblog/local_blogentry_005213333.html ] ranged from 9 to 37 centimeters (3.5 to 14.6 inches). The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this image on January 7, 2007. In this relatively cloud-free image, nearly the entire state of Colorado is buried under a blanket of snow. Only a small patch in the southwest corner of the state remains relatively dry. Snow cover extends well into Kansas and Nebraskanot surprising as the weekly snowstorms moved off in that direction. The metropolitan Denver area appears as a pale gray patch where buildings and paved surfaces interrupt the snow cover. Likewise, the mountains to the west of Denver carve meandering lines in the snow cover. The western portion of the state generally saw less snowfall than the eastern plains. As of January 8, 2007, a fourth weekly storm was predicted to hit the area a few days later. Added to the snow were high winds, with gusts up to 185 kilometers (115 miles) per hour creating snowdrifts up to 1.2 meters (4 feet) high on the roads between Denver and Boulder, home to the University of Colorado. The drifts trapped some drivers for hours. According to the Rocky Mountain News, another unlucky group of drivers were buried in their cars when an avalanche covered part of U.S. Highway 40 in the Colorado mountains on January 6, 2006. NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. The Rapid Response Team provides daily images [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?AERONET_BSRN_BAO_Boulder ] of this region. |
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Haze along the Himalaya
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Haze along the Himalaya |
| Description |
As the new year opened, haze still clung to the southern side of the Himalaya as it had in late 2006. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14046 ] The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture on January 1, 2007. This image shows the region around Kanpur in northern India. In this image, haze appears as a dull, gray, translucent band partially obscuring the view of the land surface. Opaque white clouds also appear south of the mountains, and tiny clouds dot the skies over the Himalaya in the north. According to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [ http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/0609584104v1?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=india+rice&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT ] in December 2006, persistent pollution in this part of the world both dims incoming sunlight and reduces rainfall, hampering India's rice harvest. NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. The Rapid Response Team provides daily images [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?AERONET_Kanpur ] of this region. |
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