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Browse All : Sun of Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) from 2001 and April 2001

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The 'Big Picture' View of th …
Title The 'Big Picture' View of the Plasmapause and Ionospheric Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract This visualization presents a wide-angle overview of the plasmapause-Earth system. Electron content data is mapped to the sphere of the Earth. As the space storm progresses, the structure of the plasmapause becomes distorted but is still constrained by the structure of the Earth's dipolar magnetic field.
Completed 2005-11-18
The 'Big Picture' View of th …
Title The 'Big Picture' View of the Plasmapause and Ionospheric Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract This visualization presents a wide-angle overview of the plasmapause-Earth system. Electron content data is mapped to the sphere of the Earth. As the space storm progresses, the structure of the plasmapause becomes distorted but is still constrained by the structure of the Earth's dipolar magnetic field.
Completed 2005-11-18
The 'Big Picture' View of th …
Title The 'Big Picture' View of the Plasmapause and Ionospheric Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract This visualization presents a wide-angle overview of the plasmapause-Earth system. Electron content data is mapped to the sphere of the Earth. As the space storm progresses, the structure of the plasmapause becomes distorted but is still constrained by the structure of the Earth's dipolar magnetic field.
Completed 2005-11-18
The 'Big Picture' View of th …
Title The 'Big Picture' View of the Plasmapause and Ionospheric Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract This visualization presents a wide-angle overview of the plasmapause-Earth system. Electron content data is mapped to the sphere of the Earth. As the space storm progresses, the structure of the plasmapause becomes distorted but is still constrained by the structure of the Earth's dipolar magnetic field.
Completed 2005-11-18
Time-varying Plasmapause and …
Title Time-varying Plasmapause and Electron data - April 2001
Abstract This is another view of the plasmapause and electron content data for the April 11, 2001 time frame (similar to ID 3312). This point of view is shifted slightly to the sunlit side of the Earth to present a better view of the plume formation.
Completed 2005-11-18
Time-varying Plasmapause and …
Title Time-varying Plasmapause and Electron data - April 2001
Abstract This is another view of the plasmapause and electron content data for the April 11, 2001 time frame (similar to ID 3312). This point of view is shifted slightly to the sunlit side of the Earth to present a better view of the plume formation.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause (displayed here as a green surface enclosing the Earth) can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites.
Completed 2005-11-18
Ionosphere Total Electron Co …
Title Ionosphere Total Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract A view of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) measured over North America during a storm in April 2001. Red is high electron counts, blue is low, grey where there is no data. From the pre-storm state, we see relatively low electron counts . As the storm intensity increases, so do the number of electrons. The increase will generate more interference for communications systems, GPS, etc.
Completed 2005-11-18
Ionosphere Total Electron Co …
Title Ionosphere Total Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract A view of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) measured over North America during a storm in April 2001. Red is high electron counts, blue is low, grey where there is no data. From the pre-storm state, we see relatively low electron counts . As the storm intensity increases, so do the number of electrons. The increase will generate more interference for communications systems, GPS, etc.
Completed 2005-11-18
Ionosphere Total Electron Co …
Title Ionosphere Total Electron Content - April 2001
Abstract A view of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) measured over North America during a storm in April 2001. Red is high electron counts, blue is low, grey where there is no data. From the pre-storm state, we see relatively low electron counts . As the storm intensity increases, so do the number of electrons. The increase will generate more interference for communications systems, GPS, etc.
Completed 2005-11-18
Tour of the Plasmapause - Ap …
Title Tour of the Plasmapause - April 2001
Abstract The near-Earth space environment is filled with plasma formed when the sun's ultraviolet rays electrify the upper parts of the Earth's atmosphere. This region is called the plasmasphere and its outer boundary is called the plasmapause. Here we view the plasmasphere in a static state as the observer takes a slow polar-orbiting tour of the region.
Completed 2005-11-18
Tour of the Plasmapause - Ap …
Title Tour of the Plasmapause - April 2001
Abstract The near-Earth space environment is filled with plasma formed when the sun's ultraviolet rays electrify the upper parts of the Earth's atmosphere. This region is called the plasmasphere and its outer boundary is called the plasmapause. Here we view the plasmasphere in a static state as the observer takes a slow polar-orbiting tour of the region.
Completed 2005-11-18
Tour of the Plasmapause - Ap …
Title Tour of the Plasmapause - April 2001
Abstract The near-Earth space environment is filled with plasma formed when the sun's ultraviolet rays electrify the upper parts of the Earth's atmosphere. This region is called the plasmasphere and its outer boundary is called the plasmapause. Here we view the plasmasphere in a static state as the observer takes a slow polar-orbiting tour of the region.
Completed 2005-11-18
Zoom-in to plasmapause-induc …
Title Zoom-in to plasmapause-induced TEC enhancement - April 2001
Abstract Space weather events which disturb the plasmapause can propagate down to the Earth's ionosphere. There they enhance the ionosphere electron content which can disrupt radio signals from satellites. This is a re-timed version of ID 3311. This version is designed to play synchronously with ID 3310, ID 3312, and ID 3314.
Completed 2005-11-18
Dewatering Effects from the …
Title Dewatering Effects from the Gujarat Earthquake
Description MISR Browse Image Viewer [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/MISRBR/ ] provides access to low-resolution true-color versions of these images. This data product was generated from a portion of the imagery acquired during Terra orbits 5736 and 5969. The full-size images cover an area of 215 kilometers x 156 kilometers, and utilize data from blocks 71 to 72 within World Reference System-2 path 151. Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/ ] Text by Clare Averill (Acro Service Corporation/JPL) and David J. Diner (JPL)., browse image of orbit 5969 (380 KB JPEG) On January 26, 2001, when India's Republic Day is normally celebrated, a devastating earthquake hit the state of Gujarat. About 20,000 people died and millions were injured throughout the region. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 on the Richter scale. After the earthquake, local residents reported a mixture of water and sediments fountaining from the Earth. These effects, referred to as dewatering, can result from intense ground shaking by strong earthquakes in regions with shallow water tables. Scientists initially observed dewatering in parts of the Rann of Kutch (a large salt pan in northern Gujarat), and in areas close to the earthquake epicenter. Recent research utilizes the unique capabilities of the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument to observe earthquake-related dewatering over a broader area (related story: NASA Satellite Helps Scientists See Effects of Earthquakes in Remote Areas [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NasaNews/2003/2003020511146.html ]). This research is published in the February 4, 2003, issue of EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union. These two false-color MISR images were acquired before and after the event, on January 15 and 31, respectively. The earthquake epicenter was located about 80 kilometers east of the city of Bhuj, situated in the lower part of the images. The later image depicts numerous areas where groundwater flowed up to the surface, including within the Rann of Kutch, as well as near the Indo-Pakistani border. These regions of earthquake-associated surface water are apparent up to 200 kilometers from the earthquake's epicenter. Water was observed in many remote areas, especially near the Indo-Pakistani border, which were not easily accessible to survey teams on the ground. Changes in reflection at different view angles and in the near-infrared spectral region assist with the identification of surface water, which appears here in shades of blue and purple. In these visualizations, data from the red band of MISR's most obliquely backward and forward-viewing cameras are displayed as red and blue, respectively, and data from the near-infrared band of MISR's vertically-downward viewing (nadir) camera are displayed as green. Water bodies tend to be more absorbing in the near-infrared, and to be brighter in the view acquired by the more sun-facing (in this case, the 70-degree forward) camera. This combination enhances the ability to distinguish wet surfaces. True color and multi-angle visualizations [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4810 ] of these data were also released in April 2001. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer observes the daylit Earth continuously and every 9 days views the entire globe between 82 degrees north and 82 degrees south latitude. The
Dewatering Effects from the …
Title Dewatering Effects from the Gujarat Earthquake
Description MISR Browse Image Viewer [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/MISRBR/ ] provides access to low-resolution true-color versions of these images. This data product was generated from a portion of the imagery acquired during Terra orbits 5736 and 5969. The full-size images cover an area of 215 kilometers x 156 kilometers, and utilize data from blocks 71 to 72 within World Reference System-2 path 151. Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/redirect?http://www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/ ] Text by Clare Averill (Acro Service Corporation/JPL) and David J. Diner (JPL)., browse image of orbit 5969 (380 KB JPEG) On January 26, 2001, when India's Republic Day is normally celebrated, a devastating earthquake hit the state of Gujarat. About 20,000 people died and millions were injured throughout the region. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 on the Richter scale. After the earthquake, local residents reported a mixture of water and sediments fountaining from the Earth. These effects, referred to as dewatering, can result from intense ground shaking by strong earthquakes in regions with shallow water tables. Scientists initially observed dewatering in parts of the Rann of Kutch (a large salt pan in northern Gujarat), and in areas close to the earthquake epicenter. Recent research utilizes the unique capabilities of the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument to observe earthquake-related dewatering over a broader area (related story: NASA Satellite Helps Scientists See Effects of Earthquakes in Remote Areas [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NasaNews/2003/2003020511146.html ]). This research is published in the February 4, 2003, issue of EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union. These two false-color MISR images were acquired before and after the event, on January 15 and 31, respectively. The earthquake epicenter was located about 80 kilometers east of the city of Bhuj, situated in the lower part of the images. The later image depicts numerous areas where groundwater flowed up to the surface, including within the Rann of Kutch, as well as near the Indo-Pakistani border. These regions of earthquake-associated surface water are apparent up to 200 kilometers from the earthquake's epicenter. Water was observed in many remote areas, especially near the Indo-Pakistani border, which were not easily accessible to survey teams on the ground. Changes in reflection at different view angles and in the near-infrared spectral region assist with the identification of surface water, which appears here in shades of blue and purple. In these visualizations, data from the red band of MISR's most obliquely backward and forward-viewing cameras are displayed as red and blue, respectively, and data from the near-infrared band of MISR's vertically-downward viewing (nadir) camera are displayed as green. Water bodies tend to be more absorbing in the near-infrared, and to be brighter in the view acquired by the more sun-facing (in this case, the 70-degree forward) camera. This combination enhances the ability to distinguish wet surfaces. True color and multi-angle visualizations [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4810 ] of these data were also released in April 2001. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer observes the daylit Earth continuously and every 9 days views the entire globe between 82 degrees north and 82 degrees south latitude. The
Fingerprints in the Dust
PIA03405
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title Fingerprints in the Dust
Original Caption Released with Image These MISR nadir-camera images of eastern China compare a somewhat hazy summer view from July 9, 2000 (left) with a spectacularly dusty spring view from April 7, 2001 (middle). The left-hand and middle images are from Terra orbits 2967 and 6928, respectively, and extend from central Manchuria near the top to portions of North and South Korea at the bottom. They are approximately 380 kilometers in width. Asia's desert areas are prone to soil erosion, as underground water tables are lowered by prolonged drought and by industrial and agricultural water use. Heavy winds blowing eastward across the arid and sparsely vegetated surfaces of Mongolia and western China pick up large quantities of yellow dust. Airborne dust clouds from the April 2001 storm blew across the Pacific Ocean and were carried as far as North America. The minerals transported in this manner are believed to provide nutrients for both oceanic and land ecosystems. According to the Xinhua News Agency in China, nearly one million tons of Gobi Desert dust blow into Beijing each year. During a similar dust outbreak last year, the Associated Press reported that the visibility in Beijing had been reduced the point where buildings were barely visible across city streets, and airline schedules were significantly disrupted. The dust has also been implicated in adverse health effects such as respiratory discomfort and eye irritation. The image on the right is a higher resolution MISR nadir-camera view of a portion of the April 7, 2001 dust cloud. It covers an area roughly 250 kilometers wide by 470 kilometers high. When viewed at full magnification, a number of atmospheric wave features, like the ridges and valleys of a fingerprint, are apparent. These are probably induced by surface topography, which can disturb the wind flow. A few small cumulus clouds are also visible, and are casting shadows on the thick lower dust layer. Analyses of images such as these constitute one phase of MISR's participation in the Asian-Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment, an international campaign aimed at studying the offshore transport of airborne particles from the Asian continent. For more about this international endeavor, see http://saga.pmel.noaa.gov/aceasia/. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
MISR Participates in Aerosol …
PIA03404
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title MISR Participates in Aerosol Characterization Experiment over Asia
Original Caption Released with Image Before scientists apply new spacecraft measurements to global climate change research, they must carefully test their understanding of the data under controlled conditions. During April 2001, a team of 200 investigators from 11 countries participated in the Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE) field campaign in Asia, deploying instruments aboard several ships, aircraft, and island stations in the waters surrounding Japan and Korea. They characterized meteorological conditions, measured the atmospheric energy balance, and directly sampled airborne dust and pollution particles while the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) and other satellite instruments flew overhead. These MISR images, centered just north of Shikoku Island in southwest Japan, were acquired on April 13, 2001 during Terra orbit 7015. They are two of nine simultaneous views obtained at different angles by the instrument, at 26 degrees aft of vertical (left) and 60 degrees forward of vertical (right). The entire west end of Honshu Island, which crosses the upper half of the images, is covered with broken clouds. Away from the clouds, the atmosphere looks hazier in the steeper MISR view, such differences reveal information about particles in the atmosphere. As these images were taken, the U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Research Vessel Ron Brown and the National Science Foundation (NSF)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) C-130 aircraft probed the environment near Oki island, in the upper left part of the images. At the same time, the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter aircraft made atmospheric chemistry and heat-balance measurements in the bottom-center region of the images. For more about ACE-Asia, see http://saga.pmel.noaa.gov/aceasia/ [ http://saga.pmel.noaa.gov/aceasia/ ] MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
Spring Flooding on the Missi …
PIA03413
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title Spring Flooding on the Mississippi
Original Caption Released with Image The mighty Mississippi River, from its source at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico, is approximately 3780 kilometers long and has flooded many times during its history. In April 2001, residents of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois once again battled near-record water levels. These Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) images, acquired one month apart, illustrate the effects of snowmelt and heavy rainfall on areas traversed by the upper Mississippi River. Each image in this pair covers an identical 195-kilometer x 339-kilometer area. The one on the left was acquired March 26, 2001 (Terra orbit 6762), and the one on the right is from April 27 (Terra orbit 7228). Both are false-color composites, displaying data from the near-infrared band of the instrument's nadir (vertical-viewing) camera as red, the green band of the nadir camera as green, and the red band of the 26-degree forward camera as blue. Data from the forward-viewing camera is included to enhance the reflectivity of water. The near-infrared data provide a good indicator of the abundance of vegetation since plants are highly reflective in this spectral region. The redder color of the right-hand image is due to increased vegetation cover brought about by wet conditions and the onset of spring. Locations of major cities are marked on the left-hand image, major rivers are marked on the right. The portion of the Mississippi River captured in these views extends from just north of La Crosse, Wisconsin to south of Davenport, Iowa. The Wisconsin River joins the Mississippi just below Prairie du Chien. On March 26, snow can clearly be seen over much of the northern portions of the left-hand image. At this point in time, the snow had already begun to melt and the Wapsipinicon River was 52 centimeters above flood stage at De Witt, Iowa (between Clinton and Davenport). By mid-April heavy rainfall swelled the Mississippi and Wisconsin rivers. In the early morning of April 25, two days before the right-hand image was acquired, the Mississippi River crested in Davenport, Iowa at 680 centimeters, slightly below the level reached in the record-setting flood of 1993. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
Dewatering Effects from the …
PIA03895
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title Dewatering Effects from the Gujarat earthquake
Original Caption Released with Image ). The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer observes the daylit Earth continuouslyand every 9 days views the entire globe between 82 degrees north and 82 degrees south latitude. This data product was generated from a portion of the imagery acquired during Terra orbits 5736 and 5969. The panels cover an area of 215 kilometers x 156 kilometers, and utilize data from blocks 71 to 72 within World Reference System-2 path 151. Text acknowledgment: Clare Averill (Acro Service Corporation/Jet Propulsion Laboratory), David J. Diner (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)., On January 26, 2001, when India's Republic Day is normally celebrated, a devastating earthquake hit the state of Gujarat. About 20,000 people died and millions were injured throughout the region. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 on the Richter scale. After the earthquake, local residents reported a mixture of water and sediments fountaining from the Earth. These effects, referred to as dewatering, can result from intense groundshaking by strong earthquakes in regions with shallow water tables. Scientists initially observed dewatering in parts of the Rann of Kutch (a large salt pan in northern Gujarat), and in areas close to the earthquake epicenter. Recent research utilizes the unique capabilities of the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument to observe earthquake-related dewatering over a broader area (related story [ http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/topstory/2003/0115gujarat.html ]). This research is published in the February 4, 2003 issue of EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union. These two false-color MISR images were acquired before and after the event, on January 15 and 31, respectively. The earthquake epicenter was located about 80 kilometers east of the city of Bhuj, situated in the lower part of the images. The later image depicts numerous areas where groundwater flowed up to the surface, including within the Rann of Kutch, as well as near the Indo-Pakistani border. These regions of earthquake-associated surface water are apparent up to 200 kilometers from the earthquake's epicenter. Water was observed in many remote areas, especially near the Indo-Pakistani border, which were not easily accessible to survey teams on the ground. Changes in reflection at different view angles and in the near-infrared spectral region assist with the identification of surface water, which appears here in shades of blue and purple. In these visualizations, data from the red band of MISR's most obliquely backward and forward-viewing cameras are displayed as red and blue, respectively, and data from the near-infrared band of MISR's vertically-downward viewing (nadir) camera are displayed as green. Water bodies tend to be more absorbing in the near-infrared, and to be brighter in the view acquired by the more sun-facing (in this case, the 70-degree forward) camera. This combination enhances the ability to distinguish wet surfaces. True color and multi-angle visualizations of these data were also released in April 2001(see PIA03403 [ http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03403 ] or MISR Site [ http://www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/galhistory/2001_apr_25.html ]
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