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Seamstresses Stitch a Sun-Sh …
Title Seamstresses Stitch a Sun-Shade for Skylab
Full Description Two seamstresses stitch together a sun-shade for the Skylab Orbital Workshop, the first United States Experimental space station in orbit, which lost its thermal protection shield during the launch on May 14, 1973. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the Orbital Workshop became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatening the interior insulation and adhesive to deteriorate. Marshall engineers and scientists worked tirelessly around the clock to develop an emergency repair procedure. The Skylab crew and the repair kits were launched just 11 days after the incident. The crew successfully deployed the twin-pole sail parasol sun-shade during their EVA (Extravehicular Activity) the next day.
Date 5/1/1973
NASA Center Marshall Space Flight Center
Skylab 3 Close-Up
Title Skylab 3 Close-Up
Full Description A closeup view of the Skylab space station photographed against an Earth background from the Skylab 3 Command/Service Module during station keeping maneuvers prior to docking. The Ilba Grande de Gurupa area of the Amazon River Vally of Brazil can be seen below. Aboard the command module were astronauts Alan L. Bean, Owen K. Garriott, and Jack R. Lousma, who remained with the Skylab space station in Earth's orbit for 59 days. This picture was taken with a hand-held 70mm Hasselblad camera using a 100mm lens and SO-368 medium speed Ektachrome film. Note the one solar array system wing on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) which was successfully deployed during axtravehicular activity (EVA) on the first manned Skylab flight. The parasol solar shield which was deployed by the Skylab 2 crew can be seen through the support struts of the Apollo Telescope Mount.
Date 07/28/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Skylab and Earth Limb
Title Skylab and Earth Limb
Full Description An overhead view of the Skylab Orbital Workshop in Earth orbit as photographed from the Skylab 4 Command and Service Modules (CSM) during the final fly-around by the CSM before returning home. The space station is contrasted against the pale blue Earth. During launch on May 14, 1973, some 63 seconds into flight, the micrometeor shield on the Orbital Workshop (OWS) experienced a failure that caused it to be caught up in the supersonic air flow during ascent. This ripped the shield from the OWS and damaged the tie downs that secured one of the solar array systems. Complete loss of one of the solar arrays happened at 593 seconds when the exhaust plume from the S-II's separation rockets impacted the partially deployed solar array system. Without the micrometeoroid shield that was to protect against solar heating as well, temperatures inside the OWS rose to 126 degrees fahrenheit. The gold "parasol" clearly visible in the photo, was designed to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield, protecting the workshop against solar heating. The replacement solar shield was deployed by the Skylab I crew. This enabled the Skylab Orbital Workshop to fulfill all its mission objects serving as home to additional crews before being deorbited in 1978.
Date 02/08/1974
NASA Center Johnson Space Center
Skylab Solar Shield
Title Skylab Solar Shield
Full Description A sail like sunshade for possible use as a sunscreen for the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) is shown being fabricated in the GE Building across the street from Johnson Space Center, Houston Texas. Three people help the steamstress feed the material through the sewing machine. The three-layered sunshade will be composed of a top layer of aluminized mylar, a middle layer of laminated nylon ripstop, and a bottom layer of thin nylon. Working on the sunshade are from left to right: Dale Gentry, Elizabeth Gauldin, Alyene Baker, and James H. Barnett Jr. Mrs. Baker, a GE employee, operates the double needle Singer sewing machine. Barnett is head of the Crew Equipment Development Section of JSC Crew Systems Division. Mrs. Gauldin is also with the Crew Systems Division. Gentry works for GE. The work shown here is part of the crash program underway to prepare a sunshield for Skylab to replace the orginal shield which was lost when Skylab 1 was launched on May 14, 1973. The improvised solar shield selected to be used will be carried to Earth orbit by the Skylab 2 crewman who will then deploy the reflective parasol to shade part of the OWS from the hot rays of the sun. Loss of the orginal sun shield has caused an overheating problem. in the Orbital Work Shop.
Date 01/01/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Skylab Station Viewed by Sky …
Title Skylab Station Viewed by Skylab 2 Command Module
Full Description A view of the Skylab 1 space station Orbital Workshop showing the micrometeoroid shield missing. A parasol solar shield was later deployed to shade this exposed area. This picture was taken from the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module during its "fly around" inspection. The Apollo Telescope Mount is in the background. The damaged and partially deployed OWS solar array system wing is at lower right. After an aluminum strapping was cut during the June 7th extravehicular activity, the solar panel fully deployed. The OWS solar panel on the opposite side was completely ripped off during the Skylab 1 launch on May 14th leaving only cables and tubing.
Date 05/25/1973
NASA Center Headquarters
Efforts to Salvage the Damag …
Name of Image Efforts to Salvage the Damaged Skylab at the Marshall Space Flight Center
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description Sixty-three seconds after the launch of the modified Saturn V vehicle carrying the Skylab cluster, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. The launch of the first marned Skylab (Skylab-2) mission was delayed until methods were devised to repair and salvage the workshop. Personnel from other NASA Centers and industries quickly joined the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in efforts to save the damaged Skylab. They worked day and night for the next several days. Eventually the MSFC developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel. This photograph was taken during a discussion of the methods of the twin-pole Sun shield by (left to right) Astronaut Alan Bean, MSFC Director Dr. Rocco Petrone, Astronaut Edward Gibson, and MSFC engineer Richard Heckman. Dr. William Lucas, who became MSFC Director after Dr. Petrone left MSFC in March of 1974, is standing.
Emergency Sun-Shade for Skyl …
Name of Image Emergency Sun-Shade for Skylab Orbital Workshop
Date of Image 1973-05-21
Full Description Two seamstresses stitch together a sun-shade for Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS), the first U.S. experimental space station in orbit, which lost its thermal protection shield during the launch on May 14, 1973. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the Orbital Workshop became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatened deterioration of the interior insulation and adhesive. Engineers and scientists at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) worked tirelessly around the clock on the emergency repair procedure. The Skylab crew and the repair kits were launched just 11 days after the incident. The crew successfully deployed the twin-pole sail parasol sun-shade during their EVA (Extravehicular Activity) the next day.
Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Pho …
Name of Image Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Skylab with a Twin-Pole Sunshield
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description Shortly after liftoff on May 14, 1973, atmospheric drag tore off the thin metallic shield of Skylab that was designed to protect her from micro-meteorites and the Sun's intense heat. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol sunshield to protect the orbiting laboratory. Concern over the possibility that materials used for the parasol would deteriorate with prolonged exposure to the Sun's rays prompted the installation of a second sunshield during the Skylab-3 mission. This time, the crew exited the space station and installed a twin-pole device to position the shield over the parasol. This photograph was taken by the Skylab-4 mission.
Damaged Exterior of the Skyl …
Name of Image Damaged Exterior of the Skylab Orbital Workshop
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop protecting it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image shows the sun-ravaged skin of the Orbital Workshop, bared by the missing heat shield, with blister scars and tarnish from temperatures that reached 300 degrees F. The rectangular opening at the upper center is the scientific airlock through which the parasol to protect the workshop from sun's rays was later deployed. This view was taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew. The Marshall Space Flight Center had a major role in developing the procedures to repair the damaged Skylab.
Skylab in Orbit
Name of Image Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description This image of Skylab in orbit was taken by the Skylab-2 crew before departing for Earth. The crew made a careful visual and photographic inspection of the orbiting laboratory. It shows the parasol sunshade, deployed by the crew, protecting the workshop. While unmarned, it operated at reduced power with many of its systems either inoperative or operating at reduced capacity.
Damaged Skylab
Name of Image Damaged Skylab
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into the flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop protecting it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image, taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew, shows a crippled Skylab in orbit. The crew found their home in space to be in serious shape, the heat shield gone, one solar wing gone, and the other jammed. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Skylab in Orbit
Name of Image Skylab in Orbit
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description This image of Skylab in orbit was taken by the Skylab-2 crew before departing for Earth. The crew made a careful visual and photographic inspection of the orbiting laboratory. It shows the parasol sunshade, deployed by the crew, protecting the workshop. While unmarned, it operated at reduced power with many of its systems either inoperative or operating at reduced capacity.
Damaged Skylab Micrometeoroi …
Name of Image Damaged Skylab Micrometeoroid Shield
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop protecting it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image, taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew, shows the damaged meteoroid shield being held by a thin aluminum strap entangled with green-hued remnants of the lost heat shield. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Damaged Skylab
Name of Image Damaged Skylab
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description The Saturn V vehicle, carrying the unmarned orbital workshop for the Skylab-1 mission, lifted off successfully and all systems performed normally. Sixty-three seconds into the flight, engineers in the operation support and control center saw an unexpected telemetry indication that signalled that damages occurred on one solar array and the micrometeoroid shield during the launch. The micrometeoroid shield, a thin protective cylinder surrounding the workshop, that protected it from tiny space particles and the sun's scorching heat, ripped loose from its position around the workshop. This caused the loss of one solar wing and jammed the other. Still unoccupied, the Skylab was stricken with the loss of the heat shield and sunlight beat mercilessly on the lab's sensitive skin. Internal temperatures soared, rendering the station uninhabitable, threatening foods, medicines, films, and experiments. This image, taken during a fly-around inspection by the Skylab-2 crew, shows the exterior skin of the workshop discolored by solar radiation. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Illustration of the Skylab P …
Name of Image Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This image illustrates the deployment of the Skylab parasol thermal shield. Skylab lost its thermal protection shield during its launch on May 14, 1973. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol thermal shield to protect the workshop from overheating. The crew attached the canister containing the parasol to the scientific airlock and extended the folded shield through the opening and into space. Slowly, the struts extended and the sunshade took shape and was in place over the workshop's outer surface. This illustration shows the parasol at partial extension. Emergency procedures to repair and salvage the damaged Skylab were a joint effort of the Marshall Space Flight Center, other NASA centers, and contractors.
Illustration of the Skylab P …
Name of Image Illustration of the Skylab Parasol Thermal Shield Deployment
Date of Image 1973-01-01
Full Description This image illustrates the deployment of the Skylab parasol thermal shield. Skylab lost its thermal protection shield during its launch on May 14, 1973. The Skylab-2 crew deployed a parasol thermal shield to protect the workshop from overheating. The crew attached the canister containing the parasol to the scientific airlock and extended the folded shield through the opening and into space. Slowly, the struts extended, the sunshade took shape, and was in place over the workshop's outer surface. This illustration shows the parasol being fully deployed and retracted for service. Emergency procedures to repair and salvage the damaged Skylab were a joint effort of the Marshall Space Flight Center, other NASA centers, and contractors.
Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole …
Name of Image Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description Engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and its contractors were testing the twin-pole sunshade at the Skylab mockup in the MSFC Building 4619. The Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) lost its thermal protection shield during launch on May 14, 1963. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the OWS became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatened deterioration of the interior insulation and adhesive. Engineers from the MSFC, its contractors, and NASA persornel at other centers worked day and night for several days to develop the way to save the Skylab OWS. Eventually, they developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole …
Name of Image Testing the Skylab Twin-Pole Sunshade
Date of Image 1973-05-01
Full Description Engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and its contractors were testing the twin-pole sunshade at the Skylab mockup in the MSFC Building 4619. The Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) lost its thermal protection shield during launch on May 14, 1963. Without the heat shield, the temperature inside the OWS became dangerously high, rendering the workshop uninhabitable and threatened deterioration of the interior insulation and adhesive. Engineers from the MSFC, its contractors, and NASA persornel at other centers worked day and night for several days to develop the way to save the Skylab OWS. Eventually, they developed, tested, rehearsed, and approved three repair options. These options included a parasol sunshade and a twin-pole sunshade to restore the temperature inside the workshop, and a set of metal cutting tools to free the jammed solar panel.
Skylab 4, Skylab flyaround v …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Skylab 4, Skylab flyaround v …
sl4-143-4677
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
creator NASA
identifier sl4-143-4677
Rendezvous and Fly Around In …
Title Rendezvous and Fly Around Inspection of Skylab I Orbital Space Station
Description This view of the Skylab Orbital Space Station was taken from the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module during it's initial fly around inspection. The micrometeoroid shield can be seen to be missing and a parasol solar shield was later fitted in its place. The damaged and partially deployed solar array, in the center of the scene, can be seen to be restrained by a strap that was later cut during an early EVA, allowing the panel to fully deploy.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
One of the Two Scientific Ai …
Title One of the Two Scientific Airlocks on the Orbital Workshop Section
Description This close up view of one of the two scientific airlocks on the Skylab Orbital Workshop Section was taken from the Skylab 2 Command/Service Module during its initial fly around inspection. The micrometeoroid shield can be seen to be missing from this section of the orbital workshop. A parasol solar shield was later devised and put in place over this damaged area through this very same airlock opening.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Skylab 2 Farewell View from …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Skylab 2 Farewell View from …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Skylab 2 Farewell View from …
Title Skylab 2 Farewell View from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module
Description This overhead view of the Skylab Space Station was taken from the Departing Skylab Command/Service Module during the Skylab 2's final fly-around inspection. The single solar panel is quite evident as well as the parasol solar shield, rigged to replace the missing micrometeoroid shield. Both the second solar panel and the micrometeoroid shield were torn away during a mishap in the original Skylab 1 liftoff and orbital insertion.
Date Taken 1973-06-22
Parasol construction in bldg …
Title Parasol construction in bldg 10 for Skylab 2 flight
Description Technicians in the Technical Services shop in bldg 10 work on the fabrication of the umbrella-like mechanical device called the "parasol" during Skylab 2 preflight preparations at JSC. Here, they are attaching the telescoping extension rods to the canopy. The "parasol" is one of several sunscreen possibilities being considered for use in shading the overheated Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Parasol", sunshade for Skyla …
Title Parasol", sunshade for Skylab 1, receives checkout in bldg 10
Description An umbrella-like mechanical device called the "parasol", one of the several sunscreen possibilities being considered for use in shading the overheated Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS), receives a checkout in the Technical Services shop in bldg 10 at JSC. Here, the "parasol" sunshade is almost fully deployed. The "parasol" is designed to fit into the T027 experiment photometer canister. The canopy portion of the "parasol" measures 24 feet by 22 feet.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Dr. Christopher Kraft looks …
Title Dr. Christopher Kraft looks over packaged "parasol" in bldg 10
Description Dr. Christopher C. Kraft J. (left), JSC Director, and George A Post, JSC Crew Systems Division, look over the packaged "parasol" during fabrication and checkout of the umbrella-like mechanical device in the Technical Services shop in bldg 10 at JSC. The "parasol" is designed to fit into the T027 experiment photometer canister. The canopy portion of the "parasol" measures 24 feet by 22 feet. The "parasol" is one of several sunscreen possibilities being considered for use in shading the overheated Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Deployment of "Parasol" sola …
Title Deployment of "Parasol" solar shield
Description The deployment of the "Parasol" solar shield, a sunshade to help cool the overheated Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 space station cluster in Earth orbit, can be seen in the reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the space station. The camera is in the Command Module, and the view is looking through the truss of the Apollo Telescope Mount. The sunshade is only partially deployed in this picture.
Date Taken 1973-05-26
Parasol", sunshade for Skyla …
Title Parasol", sunshade for Skylab 1, receives checkout in bldg 10
Description An umbrella-like mechanical device called the "parasol", one of the several sunscreen possibilities being considered for use in shading the overheated Skylab 1 Orbital Workshop (OWS), receives a checkout in the Technical Services shop in bldg 10 at JSC. Here, a technician starts to deploy the"parasol" sunshade. The "parasol" is designed to fit into the T027 experiment photometer canister. The canopy portion of the "parasol" measures 24 feet by 22 feet.
Date Taken 1973-05-23
Deployment of "Parasol" sola …
Title Deployment of "Parasol" solar shield
Description The deployment of the "Parasol" solar shield, a sunshade to help cool the overheated Orbital Workshop of the Skylab 1 space station cluster in Earth orbit, can be seen in the reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the space station. The camera is in the Command Module, and the view is looking through the truss of the Apollo Telescope Mount. The sunshade is only partially deployed in this picture.
Date Taken 1973-05-26
Four frame composite showing …
Title Four frame composite showing overhead view of Skylab space station cluster
Description A composite of four frames taken from 16mm movie camera footage showing an overhead view of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth orbit. The Maurer motion picture camera scenes were being filmed during the Skylab 3 Command/Service Module's (CSM) first "fly around" inspection of the space station. Close comparison of the four frames reveals movement of the improvised parasol solar shield over the Orbital Workshop (OWS). The "flapping" of the sun shade was caused from the exhaust of the reaction control subsystem (RCS) thrusters of the Skyulab 3 CSM. The one remaining solar array system wing on the OWS is in the lower left background. The solar panel in the lower left foreground is on the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM).
Date Taken 1973-07-28
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