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Cyclone Ivy
| Title |
Cyclone Ivy |
| Description |
On February 25, Tropical Cyclone Ivy was continuing to gather strength and generate rough seas. In this image Ivy was located about 450 kilometers north of Port Vila, the capital of Vanuatu, and was moving west-southwest at six knots. The cyclone had maximum sustained winds of 75 knots and gusts to 90 knots and was intensifying. Image courtesy of Jesse Allen, NASA Earth Observatory at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. |
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Eruption on Lopevi, Vanuatu
| Title |
Eruption on Lopevi, Vanuatu |
| Description |
Vanuatu's Lopevi Volcano released a plume on May 3, 2007. The same day, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov ] satellite captured this image of the plume and its larger consequences. The U.S. Air Force Weather Agency reported an extensive area of vog resulting from the volcanic eruption. When gases from a volcano—particularly sulfur dioxide—react with oxygen, water, dust, and sunlight, volcanic smog (or vog) results. Besides Lopevi and its neighboring islands, this image shows the volcanic plume blowing westward away from the volcano. The plume appears as a small, mostly opaque puff of gray-beige. The resulting area of vog, which appears as a more transparent, dingy-gray haze, dwarfs the diminutive plume.Lopevi [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0507-05= ] is a stratovolcano composed of alternating layers of solidified lava, hardened ash, and volcanic rocks. One of the island nation's most active volcanoes, this volcanic island is only about 7 kilometers (4 miles) wide. Eruptions have been recorded at Lopevi since the middle of the 19th century. You can download a 250-meter-resolution Lopevi KMZ file [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/May2007/lopevi_amo_2007123.kmz ] for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
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Sulfur Dioxide Leaks from th
…
| Title |
Sulfur Dioxide Leaks from the Ambrym Volcano |
| Description |
) Scientists building computer models of the complicated interactions that make up Earth?s climate need to understand how much sulfur dioxide enters the atmosphere and where it travels. Since most volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions come from passive degassing, OMI will allow scientists to assess the volcanic contribution to atmospheric sulfur dioxide concentrations with unprecedented accuracy. The data should help refine climate models. NASA image and caption information courtesy Simon Carn, Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology [ http://www.jcet.umbc.edu/ ] (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC). The OMI was added to the Aura satellite as part of a collaboration between the Netherlands? Agency for Aerospace Programs, the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and NASA., Sandwiched between Fiji and Australia in the South Pacific, the island nation of Vanuatu hosted the strongest point source of sulfur dioxide on the planet for the first months of 2005. Ambrym Volcano, on the island of the same name, has been steadily emitting sulfur dioxide for at least six months, and this image, produced using data collected by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on NASA?s Aura [ http://aura.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] satellite during the first ten days of March 2005, shows high concentrations of sulfur dioxide drifting northwest from the volcano. Ambrym Volcano is not erupting in the traditional sense with thick ash plumes and explosive bursts of lava, rather it is leaking sulfur dioxide gas from active lava lakes in what scientists call ?passive? or ?non-eruptive? emissions. Despite these gentle names, the leaking volcano still poses a tremendous hazard to the local population. The gas has a strong smell and can irritate the eyes and nose and make breathing difficult. Higher in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide combines with water to create rain laced with sulfuric acid. On Ambrym, acid rain has destroyed staple crops and contaminated the water supply, leaving the communities in need of food aid. Satellites have only been able to monitor sulfur dioxide emissions from large eruptions or the most powerful passive degassing in the past. All other sulfur dioxide emissions remain at low altitudes and have low concentrations, making them hard to see from space. On July 15, 2004, NASA launched its Aura satellite carrying the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). With greater spatial resolution (the ability to ?zoom-in? to see greater detail) and higher sensitivity to sulfur dioxide than any previous space-borne sensor, OMI is allowing scientists to study passive volcanic degassing on a daily basis for the first time. The above image is an example of the instrument?s preliminary, uncalibrated, and unvalidated data. This new view of passive volcanic emissions could lead to significant advances in understanding both volcanic eruptions and the impact of sulfur dioxide on climate. Passive emissions can be a precursor to explosive eruptions, and thus provide a warning signal that the volcano?s activity may be changing. Once in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide creates a bright haze that reflects sunlight back into space. Since less sunlight reaches the Earth, the sulfur dioxide haze has a cooling effect on the climate. (See ?Every Cloud Has a Filthy Lining? [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/ShipTracks/ship_tracks.html ] |
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Sulfur Dioxide Leaks from th
…
| Title |
Sulfur Dioxide Leaks from the Ambrym Volcano |
| Description |
) Scientists building computer models of the complicated interactions that make up Earth?s climate need to understand how much sulfur dioxide enters the atmosphere and where it travels. Since most volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions come from passive degassing, OMI will allow scientists to assess the volcanic contribution to atmospheric sulfur dioxide concentrations with unprecedented accuracy. The data should help refine climate models. NASA image and caption information courtesy Simon Carn, Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology [ http://www.jcet.umbc.edu/ ] (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC). The OMI was added to the Aura satellite as part of a collaboration between the Netherlands? Agency for Aerospace Programs, the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and NASA., Sandwiched between Fiji and Australia in the South Pacific, the island nation of Vanuatu hosted the strongest point source of sulfur dioxide on the planet for the first months of 2005. Ambrym Volcano, on the island of the same name, has been steadily emitting sulfur dioxide for at least six months, and this image, produced using data collected by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on NASA?s Aura [ http://aura.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] satellite during the first ten days of March 2005, shows high concentrations of sulfur dioxide drifting northwest from the volcano. Ambrym Volcano is not erupting in the traditional sense with thick ash plumes and explosive bursts of lava, rather it is leaking sulfur dioxide gas from active lava lakes in what scientists call ?passive? or ?non-eruptive? emissions. Despite these gentle names, the leaking volcano still poses a tremendous hazard to the local population. The gas has a strong smell and can irritate the eyes and nose and make breathing difficult. Higher in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide combines with water to create rain laced with sulfuric acid. On Ambrym, acid rain has destroyed staple crops and contaminated the water supply, leaving the communities in need of food aid. Satellites have only been able to monitor sulfur dioxide emissions from large eruptions or the most powerful passive degassing in the past. All other sulfur dioxide emissions remain at low altitudes and have low concentrations, making them hard to see from space. On July 15, 2004, NASA launched its Aura satellite carrying the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). With greater spatial resolution (the ability to ?zoom-in? to see greater detail) and higher sensitivity to sulfur dioxide than any previous space-borne sensor, OMI is allowing scientists to study passive volcanic degassing on a daily basis for the first time. The above image is an example of the instrument?s preliminary, uncalibrated, and unvalidated data. This new view of passive volcanic emissions could lead to significant advances in understanding both volcanic eruptions and the impact of sulfur dioxide on climate. Passive emissions can be a precursor to explosive eruptions, and thus provide a warning signal that the volcano?s activity may be changing. Once in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide creates a bright haze that reflects sunlight back into space. Since less sunlight reaches the Earth, the sulfur dioxide haze has a cooling effect on the climate. (See ?Every Cloud Has a Filthy Lining? [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/ShipTracks/ship_tracks.html ] |
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Eruption on Lopevi, Vanuatu:
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nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Vanuatu's Lopevi Volcano rel
…
lopevi_amo_2007123
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2007-05-03 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
lopevi_amo_2007123 |
|
Sulfur Dioxide Seeps from th
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
Sandwiched between Fiji and
…
Ambrym2_OMI_2005069
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-07-15 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA image and caption information courtesy Simon Carn, www.jcet.umbc.edu/ Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC). The OMI was added to the Aura satellite as part of a collaboration between the Netherlands' Agency for Aerospace Programs, the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and NASA. |
| identifier |
Ambrym2_OMI_2005069 |
|
Sulfur Dioxide Seeps from th
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
Sandwiched between Fiji and
…
Ambrym2_OMI_2005069
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-07-15 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA image and caption information courtesy Simon Carn, www.jcet.umbc.edu/ Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC). The OMI was added to the Aura satellite as part of a collaboration between the Netherlands' Agency for Aerospace Programs, the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and NASA. |
| identifier |
Ambrym2_OMI_2005069 |
|
Mt. Manaro Volcano, Ambae Is
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
In late November 2005, Aoba
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PIA06675
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2000-02-11 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA image courtesy JPL and NGA |
| identifier |
PIA06675 |
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Cyclone Ivy: Natural Hazards
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On February 25, Tropical Cyc
…
aqua_tcivy_25feb04
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-02-25 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
aqua_tcivy_25feb04 |
|
Ambae Island, Vanuatu (South
…
PIA06675
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Radar, X-Band Radar
| Title |
Ambae Island, Vanuatu (South Pacific) |
| Original Caption Released with Image |
The recently active volcano Mt. Manaro is the dominant feature in this shaded relief image of Ambae Island, part of the Vanuatu archipelago located 1400 miles northeast of Sydney, Australia. About 5000 inhabitants, half the island's population, were evacuated in early December from the path of a possible lahar, or mud flow, when the volcano started spewing clouds of steam and toxic gases 10,000 feet into the atmosphere. Last active in 1996, the 1496 meter (4908 ft.) high Hawaiian-style basaltic shield volcano features two lakes within its summit caldera, or crater. The ash and gas plume is actually emerging from a vent at the center of Lake Voui (at left), which was formed approximately 425 years ago after an explosive eruption. Two visualization methods were combined to produce the image: shading and color coding of topographic height. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the northwest-southeast direction, so that northwest slopes appear bright and southeast slopes appear dark. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow and tan, to white at the highest elevations. Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on Feb. 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect 3-D measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter (approximately 200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) of the U.S. Department of Defense and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise,Washington, D.C. Location: 15.4 degree south latitude, 167.9 degrees east longitude Orientation: North toward the top, Mercator projection Size: 36.8 by 27.8 kilometers (22.9 by 17.3 miles) Image Data: shaded and colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000 |
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