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Dust over the Red Sea
Title Dust over the Red Sea
Description A dust storm blew across the Red Sea on June 9, 2006. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture the same day. In this image, a dust plume partially obscures the view of the Red Sea, between Egypt in the west, and Saudi Arabia in the east. Extreme summer heat increases the likelihood of dust storms, and the sand seas of the Middle East produce many of the planet's dust plumes. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team.
Dust Storm over the Red Sea
Title Dust Storm over the Red Sea
Description A dust storm swept over the Red Sea on June 21, 2005. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard the Aqua [ http://www.aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this image the same day. Dust obscured the satellite?s view of the Red Sea and the neighboring countries: Sudan, Eritrea, and Ethiopia on the west, and Saudi Arabia and Yemen on the East. Most of Earth?s dust storms arise in a few regions, including the Sahara and the Middle East. As desertification increases, dust storms are likely to follow. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment has just released its Desertification Synthesis [ http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/index.aspx ]. The report predicts that the planet?s dry regions will spread as the land surface responds to increased human pressure from poor crop and soil management and irrigation misuse. NASA image courtesy of Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ], NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center.
Dust Storm over the Red Sea
Title Dust Storm over the Red Sea
Description The dust plume [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=13665 ] that blew off the coast of Sudan on June 21, 2006, had petered out a day later. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture on June 22. In this image, the dust plume has dissipated and heads southward over the Red Sea toward the coasts of Eritrea and Yemen. Largely opaque the day before, the dust plume is now thin enough to show the ocean's surface. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the Goddard Earth Sciences DAAC. [ http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ]
Dust storms out of Egypt
Title Dust storms out of Egypt
Description The deep blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea were shrouded in dust from North African deserts on January 29, 2005. A dusty haze stretches across the center and top parts of the scene from the Gulf of Sirte (left center edge), past the Nile Delta (right of center), all the way to Turkey (top right). The Red Sea (lower right corner) appears to be dust free. Between the knob of land in Libya just east of the Gulf of Sirte and the green fan of the Nile Delta lies a large desert called the Great Sand Sea. Dust storms are a serious natural hazard in the region, particularly for aircraft. This image was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua satellite. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the MODIS Rapid Response team.
Jebel at Tair Eruption
Title Jebel at Tair Eruption
Description Jebel at Tair, a small volcanic island in the Red Sea, erupted late in the day on September 30, 2007, causing several casualties and leaving a number of Yemeni soldiers missing, according to news reports. A Canadian Navy spokesman, who was in the area at the time, described a "giant light show" with spewing lava and an ash cloud reaching hundreds of meters into the air. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov ] satellite captured this image of the diminutive volcanic island on October 1, 2007. The haze over the ocean likely results from the eruption, probably a combination of ash and vog—volcanic smog that arises from the mixture of sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and moisture. North of the island appears an area of potentially disturbed water, perhaps caused by ash in the water and/or hot lava leading to water heating and discoloration. Midway between Yemen and Eritrea, Jebel at Tair [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0201-01= ] is a stratovolcano composed of alternating layers of hardened lava, solidified ash, and rocks ejected by previous eruptions. The island is also known as Jabal al-Tair, Jabal al-Tayr, Tair Island, Al-Tair Island, and Jazirat at-Tair. According to The Sydney Morning Herald, Yemen has maintained a military base since 1996 on this volcanic island, which is only about 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) long. Yemen's oil minister stated that earthquakes, registering between 4 and 4.3 in magnitude struck the island on September 30 and likely triggered the eruption. NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. Thanks to Simon Carn, Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology [ http://www.jcet.umbc.edu/ ] (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), and Gene Carl Feldman, Goddard Space Flight Center, for image interpretation.
Jebel at Tair Eruption
Title Jebel at Tair Eruption
Description Jebel at Tair, a volcanic island in the Red Sea, erupted at the end of September 2007. The eruption released lava and ash, and created a spectacular light show, according to observers in the area. On October 15, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov ] satellite acquired this image. This shows a largely quieted volcano releasing only a faint volcanic plume. ASTER measures light visible to human eyes and infrared light, enabling the sensor to detect thermal anomalies caused by substantial temperature differences. The bright red spot at the summit is a thermal anomaly. A smaller, fainter anomaly appears just northwest of the summit. The volcano's slopes bear the marks of previous eruptions, the darker streaks indicating more recent lava flows.Jebel at Tair [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0201-01= ] is a stratovolcano—a cone composed of alternating layers of ash, lava, and rocks from earlier eruptions. The latest eruption is a continuation of activity on this island, where explosive eruptions were recorded in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The volcano is known by multiple names and spellings, including Jabal al-Tair, Jabal al-Tayr, Tair Island, Al-Tair Island, Djebel Teyr, and Jibbel Tir. You can download a 15-meter-resolution KMZ file of Jebel al-Tair [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Oct2007/jebelaltair_ast_2007288.kmz ] suitable for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/ ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. [ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ]
Saharan Dust over the Red Se …
Title Saharan Dust over the Red Sea
Description A thick plume of desert dust (tan colored) was blowing eastward out of southern Egypt and Sudan, and out over the Red Sea on September 1, 2004. The dust is so thick in many places that it completely blocks the view of the surface. This true-color scene was acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite. The high-resolution image available here is 250 meters per pixel. NASA image by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data courtesy MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ]
Sharm El Sheik, Egypt
Title Sharm El Sheik, Egypt
Description The Red Sea golf resort in Sharm El Sheik, Egypt, where President Clinton met with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat, stands out against the desert landscape in this image acquired on August 25, 2000. This image of the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula shows an area about 30 by 30 kilometers (19 by 19 miles) in the visible and near infrared wavelength region. Vegetation appears in red. The blue areas in the water at the top and bottom of the image are coral reefs. The airport is visible just to the north of the golf resort. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. ASTER is the only high resolution imaging sensor on Terra. The primary goal of the ASTER mission is to obtain high- resolution image data in 14 channels over the entire land surface, as well as black and white stereo images. With revisit time of between 4 and 16 days, ASTER will provide the capability for repeat coverage of changing areas on Earth's surface. The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER will provide scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping, and monitoring dynamic conditions and temporal change. Example applications are: monitoring glacial advances and retreats, monitoring potentially active volcanoes, identifying crop stress, determining cloud morphology and physical properties, wetlands Evaluation, thermal pollution monitoring, coral reef degradation, surface temperature mapping of soils and geology, and measuring surface heat balance. Image courtesy NASA GSFC, MITI, ERSDAC, JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team
Earth From Space - Apollo 17
Title Earth From Space - Apollo 17
Description View of the Earth as seen by the Apollo 17 crew traveling toward the moon. This translunar coast photograph extends from the Meditierranean Sea area to the Antarctica south polar ice cap. This is the first time the Apollo trajectory made it possible to photograph the south polar ice cap. Note the heavy cloud cover in the southern hamisphere. Almost the entire coastline of Africa is clearly visible. The Arabian Penninsula can be seen at the northeastern edge of Africa. The large island off the coast of Africa is the Malagasy Republic. The Asian mainland is on the horizon toward the northeast. The Gulf of Oman and the Red Sea can be seen. Astronauts on this mission were: Eugene A. Cernan, Ronald E. Evans, and Harrison H. Schmidt.
Date 12.07.1972
Eastern Egypt, Red Sea and S …
Title Eastern Egypt, Red Sea and Saudi Arabia
Description Eastern Egypt, the Red Sea and Saudi Arabia can all be seen in this single view of the Near East (26.5N, 36.5E). Not since The Gemini XI photo taken in 1966, have NASA astronauts been able to capture such a scope of the Earth's surface as this mission provided from its 330 nautical mile orbit. Easily seen from this vantage point is eastern Egypt, the Nile River, Lake Nassar, the Red Sea and almost half of Saudi Arabia.
Date 04.29.1990
Jebel at Tair Eruption: Natu …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Jebel at Tair, a volcanic is …
jebelaltair_ast_2007288
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-10-15
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier jebelaltair_ast_2007288
Jebel at Tair Eruption: Natu …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Jebel at Tair, a small volca …
tair_amo_2007274
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-10-01
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier tair_amo_2007274
Earth observations taken dur …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Earth observations taken dur …
sts098-717a-056
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 02/18/01
creator NASA
identifier sts098-717a-056
Skylab 3,Astronaut Jack R. L …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Astronaut Alan L. Bean, Skyl …
sl3-122-2612
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
creator NASA
identifier sl3-122-2612
Earth Observation taken by t …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Earth observations taken by …
s125e005173
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2009-05-12
creator NASA
identifier s125e005173
Dust over the Red Sea: Natur …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
A dust storm blew across the …
redsea_tmo_2006160
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-06-09
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier redsea_tmo_2006160
Locust Swarms Develop on the …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Alone, the desert locust is …
eafricapanom_spt_2007080
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided by the United State Department of Agriculture Foreign Agriculture Service and processed by Jennifer Small and Assaf Anyamba, NASA GIMMS Group at Goddard Space Flight Center
identifier eafricapanom_spt_2007080
Ship Traffic on the Suez Can …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
This astronaut photograph ca …
ISS013-E-44847
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-06-30
creator NASA -- Astronaut photograph eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=ISS013&roll=E&frame=44847 ISS013-E-44847 was acquired June 30, 2006, with a Kodak 760C digital camera using an 800 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and the Image Science & Analysis Group, Johnson Space Center. The image in this article has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast. The spaceflight.nasa.gov/home/index.html International Space Station Program supports the laboratory to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the eol.jsc.nasa.gov/ NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
identifier ISS013-E-44847
The Size of Dust and Smoke: …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The Size of Dust and Haze Th …
PIA04382
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-07-26
creator NASA -- Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/ MISR Team. Text by Clare Averill (Raytheon ITSS/JPL).
identifier PIA04382
Saharan Dust over the Red Se …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
A thick plume of desert dust …
aqua_redsea_01sep04
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-09-01
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier aqua_redsea_01sep04
Dust Storm over the Red Sea: …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
The earthobservatory.nasa.go …
redsea_amo_2006173
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-06-22
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier redsea_amo_2006173
Lush Vegetation Fuels Locust …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Rain is both a blessing and …
redseandvia_spt_2007314
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-11-10
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier redseandvia_spt_2007314
Al Wadj Bank, Saudi Arabia: …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Saudi Arabia boasts the most …
ISS016-E-19394
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-12-30
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ISS016-E-19394
Warm Pacific Water Wave Head …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Recent sea-level height data …
PIA06751
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2004-07-27
creator NASA -- Image courtesy NASA/JPL sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/ Ocean Surface Topography team.
identifier PIA06751
Dead Sea: Image of the Day
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In the Jordan rift valley, t …
deadsea_etm_1999219
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1999-08-07
creator NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained courtesy of the University of Maryland's
identifier deadsea_etm_1999219
Sharm El Sheik, Egypt : Imag …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The Red Sea golf resort in S …
aster_egypt
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2000-08-25
creator NASA -- Image courtesy NASA GSFC, MITI, ERSDAC, JAROS, and U.S./Japan asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ ASTER Science Team
identifier aster_egypt
Dust storms out of Egypt: Na …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
The deep blue waters of the …
egypt_amo_29jan05
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-01-29
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier egypt_amo_29jan05
ASTER Suez Canal
PIA02661
Sol (our sun)
ASTER
Title ASTER Suez Canal
Original Caption Released with Image One of the most important waterways in the world, the Suez Canal runs north to south across the Isthmus of Suez in northeastern Egypt. This image of the canal covers an area 36 kilometers (22 miles) wide and 60 kilometers (47 miles) long in three bands of the reflected visible and infrared wavelength region. It shows the northern part of the canal, with the Mediterranean Sea just visible in the upper right corner. The Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of Suez, an arm of the Red Sea. The artificial canal provides an important shortcut for ships operating between both European and American ports and ports located in southern Asia, eastern Africa, and Oceania. With a length of about 195 kilometers (121 miles) and a minimum channel width of 60 meters (197 feet), the Suez Canal is able to accommodate ships as large as 150,000 tons fully loaded. Because no locks interrupt traffic on this sea level waterway, the transit time only averages about 15 hours. ASTER acquired this scene on May 19, 2000. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and the data products. Dr. Anne Kahle at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, is the U.S. science team leader, Moshe Pniel of JPL is the project manager. ASTER is the only high-resolution imaging sensor on Terra. The primary goal of the ASTER mission is to obtain high-resolution image data in 14 channels over the entire land surface, as well as black and white stereo images. With revisit time of between 4 and 16 days, ASTER will provide the capability for repeat coverage of changing areas on Earth's surface. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and the data products. Dr. Anne Kahle at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, is the U.S. science team leader, Moshe Pniel of JPL is the project manager. ASTER is the only high-resolution imaging sensor on Terra. The primary goal of the ASTER mission is to obtain high-resolution image data in 14 channels over the entire land surface, as well as black and white stereo images. With revisit time of between 4 and 16 days, ASTER will provide the capability for repeat coverage of changing areas on Earth's surface. The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER will provide scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping and monitoring dynamic conditions and temporal, change. Examples of applications include monitoring glacial advances and retreats, potentially active volcanoes, thermal pollution, and coral reef degradation, identifying crop stress, determining cloud morphology and physical properties, evaluating wetlands, mapping surface temperature of soils and geology, and measuring surface heat balance.
ASTER View of Sharm El Sheik …
PIA02667
Sol (our sun)
ASTER
Title ASTER View of Sharm El Sheik, Egypt
Original Caption Released with Image The Red Sea golf resort in Sharm El Sheik, Egypt, where President Clinton met with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat, stands out against the desert landscape in this image acquired on August 25, 2000. This image of the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula shows an area about 30 by 40 kilometers (19 by 25 miles) in the visible and near infrared wavelength region. Vegetation appears in red. The blue areas in the water at the top and bottom of the image are coral reefs. The airport is visible just to the north of the golf resort. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and the data products. Dr. Anne Kahle at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., is the U.S. Science team leader, Moshe Pniel of JPL is the project manager. ASTER is the only high resolution imaging sensor on Terra. The primary goal of the ASTER mission is to obtain high-resolution image data in 14 channels over the entire land surface, as well as black and white stereo images. With revisit time of between 4 and 16 days, ASTER will provide the capability for repeat coverage of changing areas on Earth's surface. The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER will provide scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping, and monitoring dynamic conditions and temporal change. Example applications are: monitoring glacial advances and retreats, monitoring potentially active volcanoes, identifying crop stress, determining cloud morphology and physical properties, wetlands Evaluation, thermal pollution monitoring, coral reef degradation, surface temperature mapping of soils and geology, and measuring surface heat balance.
ASTER's First Views of Red S …
PIA02452
Sol (our sun)
ASTER
Title ASTER's First Views of Red Sea, Ethiopia - Thermal-Infrared (TIR) Image (monochrome)
Original Caption Released with Image ASTER succeeded in acquiring this image at night, which is something Visible/Near Infrared VNIR) and Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) sensors cannot do. The scene covers the Red Sea coastline to an inland area of Ethiopia. White pixels represent areas with higher temperature material on the surface, while dark pixels indicate lower temperatures. This image shows ASTER's ability as a highly sensitive, temperature-discerning instrument and the first spaceborne TIR multi-band sensor in history. The size of image: 60 km x 60 km approx., ground resolution 90 m x 90 m approximately. The ASTER instrument was built in Japan for the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint United States/Japan Science Team is responsible for instrument design, calibration, and data validation. ASTER is flying on the Terra satellite, which is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD.
Earth - Northeast Africa and …
PIA00127
Sol (our sun)
Solid-State Imaging
Title Earth - Northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula
Original Caption Released with Image This image of northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula was taken from an altitude of about 500,000 kilometers (300,000 miles) by the Galileo spacecraft on December 9, 1992, as it left Earth en route to Jupiter. Visible are most of Egypt (left of center), including the Nile Valley, the Red Sea (slightly above center), Israel, Jordan, and the Arabian Peninsula. In the center, below the coastal cloud, is Khartoum, at the confluence of the Blue Nile and the White Nile. Somalia (lower right) is partly covered by clouds.
Africa in SRTM 3-D, Anaglyph …
PIA04964
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar …
Title Africa in SRTM 3-D, Anaglyph of Shaded Relief
Original Caption Released with Image This stereoscopic shaded relief image shows Africa's topography as measured by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) in February 2000. Also shown are Madagascar, the Arabian Peninsula, and other adjacent regions. Previously, much of the topography here was not mapped in detail. Digital elevation data, such as provided by SRTM, are in high demand by scientists studying earthquakes, volcanism, and erosion patterns and for use in mapping and modeling hazards to human habitation. But the shape of Earth's surface affects nearly every natural process and human endeavor that occurs there, so elevation data are used in a wide range of applications. The image shown here is greatly reduced from the original data resolution, but still provides a good overview of the continent's landforms. It is best viewed while panning at full resolution while using image display software. The northern part of the continent consists of a system of basins and plateaus, with several volcanic uplands whose uplift has been matched by subsidence in the large surrounding basins. Many of these basins have been infilled with sand and gravel, creating the vast Saharan lands. The Atlas Mountains in the northwest were created by convergence of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. The geography of the central latitudes of Africa is dominated by the Great Rift Valley, extending from Lake Nyasa to the Red Sea, and splitting into two arms to enclose an interior plateau and the nearly circular Lake Victoria, visible in the right center of the image. To the west lies the Congo Basin, a vast, shallow depression that rises to form an almost circular rim of highlands. Most of the southern part of the continent rests on a concave plateau comprising the Kalahari Basin and a mountainous fringe, skirted by a coastal plain that widens out in Mozambique in the southeast. Specific noteworthy features one may wish to explore in this scene include (1) the Richat Structure in Mauritania, a "bull's eye" geologic structure, (2) the Velingara Ring in Senegal, a possible meteorite impact crater, (3) the delta of the Niger River in Nigeria, (4) the Cameroon Line of volcanoes, crossing Cameroon and extending offshore, (5) long linear mountain ridges crossing the southern end of Africa, (6) Mount Kilimanjaro and neighboring volcanoes in Kenya and Tanzania, (7) the Afar Triangle in Ethiopia, Djibouti, and vicinity, where Earth's crust is being pulled in three directions by tectonic forces, (8) the Dead Sea fault line, between Israel and Jordan, (9) ancient shorelines, inland from the coast of Libya, and (10) vast seas of sand dunes, particularly across the Sahara Desert and much of the Arabian Peninsula. This anaglyph was created by deriving a shaded relief image from the SRTM data, draping it back over the SRTM elevation model, and then generating two differing perspectives, one for each eye. Illumination is from the north (top). When viewed through special glasses, the anaglyph is a, vertically exaggerated view of the Earth's surface in its full three dimensions. Anaglyph glasses cover the left eye with a red filter and cover the right eye with a blue filter. Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Orientation: North toward the top, Mercator projection Image Data: Shaded SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
SRTM Data Release for Africa …
PIA04965
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar …
Title SRTM Data Release for Africa, Colored Height
Original Caption Released with Image This color shaded relief image shows the extent of digital elevation data for Africa recently released by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). This release includes data for all of the continent, plus the island of Madagascar and the Arabian Peninsula. SRTM flew on board the Space Shuttle Endeavour in February 2000 and used an interferometric radar system to map the topography of Earth's landmass between latitudes 56 degrees south and 60 degrees north. The data were processed into geographic "tiles," each of which represents one by one degree of latitude and longitude. A degree of latitude measures 111 kilometers (69 miles) north-south, and a degree of longitude measures 111 kilometers or less east-west, decreasing away from the equator. The data are being released to the public on a continent-by-continent basis. This Africa segment includes 3256 tiles, almost a quarter of the total data set. Previous releases covered North America, South America and Eurasia. Forthcoming releases will include Australia plus an "Islands" release for those islands not included in the continental releases. Together these data releases constitute the world's first high-resolution, near-global elevation model. The resolution of the publicly released data is three arcseconds (1/1,200 of a degree of latitude and longitude), which is about 90 meters (295 feet). Coverage in the current data release extends from 35 degrees north latitude at the southern edge of the Mediterranean to the very tip of South Africa, encompassing a great diversity of landforms. The northern part of the continent consists of a system of basins and plateaus, with several volcanic uplands whose uplift has been matched by subsidence in the large surrounding basins. Many of these basins have been infilled with sand and gravel, creating the vast Saharan lands. The Atlas Mountains in the northwest were created by convergence of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. The geography of the central latitudes of Africa is dominated by the Great Rift Valley, extending from Lake Nyasa to the Red Sea, and splitting into two arms to enclose an interior plateau and the nearly circular Lake Victoria, visible in the right center of the image. To the west lies the Congo Basin, a vast, shallow depression which rises to form an almost circular rim of highlands. Most of the southern part of the continent rests on a concave plateau comprising the Kalahari basin and a mountainous fringe, skirted by a coastal plain which widens out in Mozambique in the southeast. Many of these regions were previously very poorly mapped due to persistent cloud cover or the inaccessibility of the terrain. Digital elevation data, such as provided by SRTM, are particularly in high demand by scientists studying earthquakes, volcanism, and erosion patterns for use in mapping and modeling hazards to human habitation. But the shape of Earth's surface affects nearly every natural process and human endeavor that occurs there,, so elevation data are used in a wide range of applications. In this index map color-coding is directly related to topographic height, with brown and yellow at the lower elevations, rising through green, to white at the highest elevations. Blue areas on the map represent water within the mapped tiles, each of which includes shorelines or islands. Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, DC. Orientation: North toward the top, Mercator projection Image Data: Colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
Nabro and Mallahle Volcanoes …
PIA04953
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Radar, X-Band Radar
Title Nabro and Mallahle Volcanoes, Eritrea and Ethiopia, SRTM Colored Height and Shaded Relief
Original Caption Released with Image The area known as the Afar Triangle is located at the northern end of the East Africa Rift, where it approaches the southeastern end of the Red Sea and the southwestern end of the Gulf of Aden. The East African Rift, the Red Sea, and the Gulf of Aden are all zones where Earth's crust is pulling apart in a process known as crustal spreading. Their three-way meeting is known as a triple junction, and their spreading creates a triangular topographic depression for which the area was named. Not surprisingly, the topographic effects of crustal spreading are more dramatic in the Afar Triangle than anywhere else upon Earth's landmasses. The spreading is primarily evident as patterns of numerous tension cracks. But some of these cracks provide conduits for magma to rise to the surface to form volcanoes. Shown here are a few of the volcanoes of the Afar Triangle. The larger two are Nabro Volcano (upper right, in Eritrea) and Mallahle Volcano (lower left, in Ethiopia). Nabro Volcano shows clear evidence of multiple episodes of activity that resulted in a crater in a crater in a crater. Many volcanoes in this area are active, including one nearby that last erupted in 1990. This image was created directly from an SRTM elevation model. A shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the north-south direction. Northern slopes appear bright and southern slopes appear dark. The shade image was then combined with a color coding of topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow, orange, and red, up to purple at the highest elevations. Elevation data used in this image was acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on February 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect three-dimensional measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter-long (200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, DC. Size: 35.2 kilometers (21.8 miles) by 22.5 kilometers (14.0 miles) Location: 13.3 degrees North latitude, 41.7 degrees East longitude Orientation: North toward the top Image Data: Shaded and colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
Sinai Peninsula, Shaded Reli …
PIA04957
Sol (our sun)
C-Band Interferometric Radar …
Title Sinai Peninsula, Shaded Relief and Colored Height
Original Caption Released with Image The Sinai Peninsula, located between Africa and Asia, is a result of those two continents pulling apart from each other. Earth's crust is cracking, stretching, and lowering along the two northern branches of the Red Sea, namely the Gulf of Suez, seen here on the west (left), and the Gulf of Aqaba, seen to the east (right). This color-coded shaded relief image shows the triangular nature of the peninsula, with the coast of the Mediterranean Sea forming the northern side of the triangle. The Suez Canal can be seen as the narrow vertical blue line in the upper left connecting the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. The peninsula is divided into three distinct parts, the northern region consisting chiefly of sandstone, plains and hills, the central area dominated by the Tih Plateau, and the mountainous southern region where towering peaks abound. Much of the Sinai is deeply dissected by river valleys, or wadis, that eroded during an earlier geologic period and break the surface of the plateau into a series of detached massifs with a few scattered oases. Two visualization methods were combined to produce the image: shading and color coding of topographic height. The shade image was derived by computing topographic slope in the northwest-southeast direction, so that northwest slopes appear bright and southeast slopes appear dark. Color coding is directly related to topographic height, with green at the lower elevations, rising through yellow and tan, to white at the highest elevations. Elevation data used in this image were acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, launched on Feb. 11, 2000. SRTM used the same radar instrument that comprised the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) that flew twice on the Space Shuttle Endeavour in 1994. SRTM was designed to collect 3-D measurements of the Earth's surface. To collect the 3-D data, engineers added a 60-meter (approximately 200-foot) mast, installed additional C-band and X-band antennas, and improved tracking and navigation devices. The mission is a cooperative project between NASA, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) of the U.S. Department of Defense and the German and Italian space agencies. It is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise,Washington, D.C. Location: 30 degrees north latitude, 34 degrees east longitude Orientation: North toward the top, Mercator projection Size: 289 by 445 kilometers (180 by 277 miles) Image Data: shaded and colored SRTM elevation model Date Acquired: February 2000
The Nile
PIA02647
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title The Nile
Original Caption Released with Image This image of the northern portion of the Nile River was captured by MISR's nadir camera on January 30, 2001 (Terra orbit 5956). The Nile is the longest river in the world, extending for about 6700 kilometers from its headwaters in the highlands of eastern Africa. At the apex of the fertile Nile River Delta is the Egyptian capital city of Cairo. To the west are the Great Pyramids of Giza. North of here the Nile branches into two distributaries, the Rosetta to the west and the Damietta to the east. Also visible in this image is the Suez Canal, a shipping waterway connecting Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of Suez. The Gulf is an arm of the Red Sea, and is located on the righthand side of the picture. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
The Size of Dust and Smoke
PIA04382
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title The Size of Dust and Smoke
Original Caption Released with Image Desert dust particles tend to be larger in size than aerosols that originate from the processes of combustion. How precisely do the size of the aerosol particles comprising the dust that obscured the Red Sea on July 26, 2005, contrast with the size of the haze particles that obscured the United States eastern seaboard on the same day? NASA's Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR), which views Earth at nine different angles in four wavelengths, provides information about the amount, size, and shape of airborne particles. Here, MISR aerosol amount and size is presented for these two events. These MISR results distinguish desert dust, the most common non-spherical aerosol type, from pollution and forest fire particles. Determining aerosol characteristics is a key to understanding how aerosol particles influence the size, abundance, and rate of production of cloud droplets, and to a better understanding of how aerosols influence clouds and climate. The left panel of each of these two image sets (Red Sea, left, U.S. coastline, right) is a natural-color view from MISR's 70-degree forward viewing camera. The color-coded maps in the central panels show aerosol optical depth, the right panels provide a measure of aerosol size, expressed as the "Angstrom exponent." For the optical depth maps, yellow pixels indicate the most optically-thick aerosols, whereas the red, green and blue pixels represent progressively decreasing aerosol amounts. For this dramatic dust storm over the Red Sea, the aerosol is quite thick, and in some places, the dust over water is too optically thick for MISR to retrieve the aerosol amount. For the eastern seaboard haze, the thickest aerosols have accumulated over the Atlantic Ocean off the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia. Cases where no successful retrieval occurred, either due to extremely high aerosol optical thickness or to clouds, appear as dark gray pixels. For the Angstrom exponent maps, the blue and green pixels (smaller values) correspond with more large particles, whilst the yellow and red pixels, representing higher Angstrom exponents, correspond with more small particles. Angstrom exponent is related to the way the aerosol optical depth (AOD) changes with wavelength -- a more steeply decreasing AOD with wavelength indicates smaller particles. The greater the magnitude of the Angstrom exponent, the greater the contribution of smaller particles to the overall particle distribution. For optically thick desert dust storms, as in this case, the Angstrom exponent is expected to be relatively low -- likely below 1. For the eastern seaboard haze, the Angstrom exponent is significantly higher, indicating the relative abundance of small pollution particles, especially over the Atlantic where the aerosol optical depth is also very high. With a nearly simultaneous data acquisition time, the MODIS instrument also collected data for these events, and image features for both the dust storm and the haze are available., The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer observes the daylit Earth continuously, viewing the entire globe between 82° north and 82° south latitude every nine days. This image covers an area of about 1,265 kilometers by 400 kilometers. These data products were generated from a portion of the imagery acquired during Terra orbits 29809 and 29814 and utilize data from blocks 60 to 67 and 71 to 78 within World Reference System-2 paths 17 and 170, respectively. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is managed for NASA by the California Institute of Technology.
Warm Pacific Water Wave Head …
PIA06751
Sol (our sun)
Altimeter
Title Warm Pacific Water Wave Heads East, But No El Niño Yet
Original Caption Released with Image Recent sea-level height data from the U.S./France Jason altimetric satellite during a 10-day cycle ending July 27, 2004, show that weaker than normal trade winds in the western and central equatorial Pacific during June have triggered an eastward moving, warm Kelvin wave. In the central equatorial Pacific, this "warm wave" appears as the large area of higher-than-normal sea surface heights (warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures) between 180 degrees W and 130 degrees W. These types of events, should they continue and persist into the fall, can herald the beginnings of an El Niño episode. "Although an El Niño would be welcome in the American west which definitely needs the rainfall, it's way too early to even begin talking about a possible El Niño," said JPL oceanographer Dr. Bill Patzert. "Scientists will continue to monitor the Pacific closely for further signs of possible El Niño formation and intensity," said Dr. Lee-Lueng Fu, JPL Jason Project Scientist. The image shows a red area in the central equatorial Pacific that is about 10 centimeters (4 inches) above normal. These regions contrast with the eastern equatorial Pacific, where lower-than-normal sea levels (blue areas) continue that are between 5 and 13 centimeters (2 and 5 inches) below normal. Along the equator, the red sea surface heights equate to sea surface temperature departures greater than one degree Celsius (two degrees Fahrenheit). These images show sea surface height anomalies with the seasonal cycle (the effects of summer, fall, winter, and spring) removed. The differences between what we see and what is normal for different times and regions are called anomalies, or residuals. When oceanographers and climatologists view these "anomalies" they can identify unusual patterns and can tell us how heat is being stored in the ocean to influence future planetary climate events. Each image is a 10-day average of data, ending on the date indicated. The U.S. portion of the Jason mission is managed by JPL for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Research on Earth's oceans using Jason and other space-based capabilities is conducted by NASA's Earth Science Enterprise to better understand and protect our home planet. To view the latest Jason-1 data see http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ [ http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ ].
MISR Views the Middle East
PIA02626
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title MISR Views the Middle East
Original Caption Released with Image This image, generated using 16 orbits of MISR data collected between August 16 and August 30, 2000, takes us to the cradle of many civilizations. The data are from the 60-degree aftward-viewing camera. Because the individual orbit swaths are only 400 kilometers wide, they were "mosaiced" together to form this composite picture, which covers about 2700 kilometers from west to east and 1750 kilometers from north to south. A few discontinuities are present in the mosaic, particularly near clouds, due to changes in the scene which occurred between dates when the individual orbit data were acquired. At the northern tip of the Red Sea, the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba frame the sandy deserts and spectacular mountains of the Sinai Peninsula. The highest peaks are Gebel Katherina (Mountain of St. Catherine, 2637 meters) and Gebel Musa (Mountain of Moses, also known as Mount Sinai, 2285 meters). To the northeast, Israel and Jordan flank the Dead Sea, one of the saltiest inland water bodies in the world. At its northern edge is Qumran, where the ancient Scrolls were discovered, the city of Jerusalem lies about 30 kilometers to the west. Several large rivers are prominent. Flowing southeastward through Iraq are the Tigris and Euphrates. The dark area between the two rivers, northwest of the Persian Gulf, is a very fertile region where fishing and farming are prevalent. Wending its way through eastern Egypt is the Nile. In the south is Lake Nasser and the Aswan Dam, continuing northward the Nile passes the Temple of Luxor as it sharply loops to the east. It then turns west and northward, eventually passing the capital city of Cairo, and finally spreading into a prominent delta as it empties into the Mediterranean Sea. The bright dot just west of the apex of the delta marks the location of the great Pyramids and Sphinx complexes on the Giza Plateau. On the coast, west of the delta, is the ancient city of Alexandria, Egypt's main seaport."MISR", as it turns out, is the transliteration of the Arabic name for Egypt. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
El Nino: Pumping Up or Fizzl …
PIA05078
Sol (our sun)
Altimeter
Title El Nino: Pumping Up or Fizzling Out?
Original Caption Released with Image Recent sea-level height data from the U.S./France Jason altimetric satellite during a 10-day cycle ending November 15, 2004, show that the central equatorial Pacific continues to exhibit an area of higher-than-normal sea surface heights (indicating warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures) between 180 degrees West and 130 degrees West. This feature, should it continue and spread eastward through November and December, could elevate the present weak El Nino episode to a moderate or stronger event. Previous warmings over the past several months, however, have dissipated. Scientists will continue to monitor the Pacific closely for further signs of El Nio intensity and development. The image shows a red area in the central equatorial Pacific that is about 10 centimeters (4 inches) above normal. These regions contrast with the Gulf of Alaska, where lower-than-normal sea levels (blue areas) continue that are between 5 and 13 centimeters (2 and 5 inches) below normal. Along the equator, the red sea surface heights equate to sea surface temperature departures greater than one degree Celsius (two degrees Fahrenheit). These images show sea surface height anomalies with the seasonal cycle (the effects of summer, fall, winter, and spring) removed. The differences between what we see and what is normal for different times and regions are called anomalies, or residuals. When oceanographers and climatologists view these "anomalies" they can identify unusual patterns and can tell us how heat is being stored in the ocean to influence future planetary climate events. Each image is a 10-day average of data, ending on the date indicated. To view the latest Jason-1 data see http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ [ http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ ].
Jason Celebrates 5th Anniver …
PIA09038
Sol (our sun)
Altimeter
Title Jason Celebrates 5th Anniversary as El Niño Builds, Warm Kelvin Wave Surges Toward South America
Original Caption Released with Image Recent sea-level height data from the Jason-1 altimetric satellite show that continuing weaker-than-normal trade winds in the western and central equatorial Pacific have triggered another strong, eastward moving, warm Kelvin wave. In the eastern equatorial Pacific, this "warm wave" appears as the large area of higher-than-normal sea surface heights (warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures) between 140 degrees W and 110 degrees W. A series of these types of events that began in August 2006 have contributed to the present El Niño condition. ?In the American west where we are struggling under drought conditions, we welcome this modest, potentially rain-delivering El Niño,? said JPL oceanographer Dr. Bill Patzert. "The Jason-1 measurements are being used by several teams of international scientists to study the physics of El Niño to improve our ability to predict future events," said Dr. Lee-Lueng Fu, JPL Jason-1 project scientist. This image was created with data collected by the U.S./French satellite during a 10-day period centered on November 20, 2007. It shows a red area in the eastern equatorial Pacific that is about 10 centimeters (4 inches) above normal. These regions contrast with the western equatorial Pacific, where lower-than-normal sea levels (blue areas) continue that are between 5 and 13 centimeters (2 and 5 inches) below normal. Along the equator, the red sea surface heights equate to sea surface temperature departures greater than one to two degrees Celsius (two to four degrees Fahrenheit). This Jason-1 image shows sea surface height anomalies with the seasonal cycle (the effects of summer, fall, winter, and spring) and trend removed. The differences between what we see and what is normal for different times and regions are called anomalies, or residuals. When oceanographers and climatologists view these "anomalies" they can identify unusual patterns and can tell us how heat is being stored in the ocean to influence future planetary climate events. The U.S. portion of the Jason-1 mission is managed by JPL for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. Research on Earth's oceans using Jason-1 and other space-based capabilities is conducted by NASA's Science Mission Directorate to better understand and protect our home planet. For more information on NASA's ocean surface topography missions, see http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/ [ http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/ ] or to view the latest Jason data see http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ [ http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ ].
El Niño Continues to Grow
PIA03889
Sol (our sun)
Title El Niño Continues to Grow
Original Caption Released with Image The latest image from NASA's Jason oceanography satellite, taken during a 10-day collection cycle ending December 2, 2002, shows the Pacific dominated by two significant areas of higher-than-normal sealevel (warmer ocean temperatures). In the central equatorial Pacific, the large area of higher than normal sea surface heights(warmer than normal sea surface temperatures) associated with growing El Niño conditions has recently migrated eastward toward the coast of South America. Meanwhile, the influence of the 20- to 30-year larger than El Niño/La Niña pattern called the Pacific Decadal Oscillation continues to create warm, higher-than-normal sea-surface heights in the north Pacific that are connected in a warm horseshoe pattern with the western and southern Pacific. Sea-surface heights are a measure of how much heat is stored in the ocean below. This heat influences both present weather and future planetary climate events. The image shows red areas in the north Pacific and at the equator that are about 10 centimeters (4 inches) above normal, white areas indicate sea surface heights between 14 and 32 centimeters (6 to 13 inches) above normal. These regions contrast with the western tropical Pacific, where lower-than-normal sea levels (blue areas)have developed that are between 5 and 13 centimeters (2 and 5 inches)below normal, while purple areas range from 14 to 18 centimeters (6 to 7 inches) below normal. Along the equator, the red sea surface heights equate to sea surface temperature departures greater than one degree Celsius (two degrees Fahrenheit) and the white sea surface heights are sea surface temperatures 1.5 to 2.5 degrees Celsius(three to five degrees Fahrenheit) above normal. The U.S. portion of the Jason mission is managed by JPL for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Research on Earth's oceans using Jason and other space-based capabilities is conducted by NASAís Earth Science Enterprise to better understand and protect our home planet.
El Niño: The Weak, Getting W …
PIA07456
Sol (our sun)
Altimeter
Title El Niño: The Weak, Getting Weaker
Original Caption Released with Image Recent sea-level height data from the U.S./France Jason altimetric satellite during a 10-day cycle ending February 22, 2005, show that the central equatorial Pacific continues to exhibit an area of higher-than-normal sea surface heights (warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures), centered at 180 degrees West, the International Dateline. This feature contrasts with lower than normal sea levels, cooler ocean waters, in the eastern equatorial Pacific. This change indicates the weak El Niño is dissipating, tending towards neutral conditions. Scientists will continue to monitor the Pacific closely for further signs of either El Niño or La Niña development. The image shows a red area in the central equatorial Pacific that is about 10 centimeters (4 inches) above normal. These red sea surface heights equate to sea surface temperature departures greater than one degree Celsius (two degrees Fahrenheit). These images show sea surface height anomalies with the seasonal cycle (the effects of summer, fall, winter, and spring) removed. The differences between what we see and what is normal for different times and regions are called anomalies, or residuals. When oceanographers and climatologists view these "anomalies" they can identify unusual patterns and can tell us how heat is being stored in the ocean to influence future planetary climate events. Each image is a 10-day average of data, ending on the date indicated. The U.S. portion of the Jason mission is managed by JPL for NASA's Earth Science Enterprise, Washington, D.C. Research on Earth's oceans using Jason and other space-based capabilities is conducted by NASA's Earth Science Enterprise to better understand and protect our home planet. To view the latest Jason-1 data see http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ [ http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/science/jason1-quick-look/ ].
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description STS-99 Shuttle Mission Imagery
General Description STS-107 Shuttle Mission Imagery
General Description STS-109 Shuttle Mission Imagery
General Description STS-110 Shuttle Mission Imagery
General Description STS-111 Shuttle Mission Imagery
Red Sea coastal area of Saud …
Title Red Sea coastal area of Saudi Arabia as seen from the Apollo 7 spacecraft
Description Red Sea coastal area of Saudi Arabia as seen from the Apollo 7 spacecraft during its 58th revolution of the earth. This picture shows extent of coral reefs in the Red Sea. Photographed from an altitude of 88 nautical miles, at ground elapsed time of 91 hours and 17 minutes.
Date Taken 1968-10-15
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