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Apollo-Soyuz -- July 1975
The two Soviet crewmen for t …
7/16/08
Description The two Soviet crewmen for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, mission are photographed at the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the morning of the Soviet ASTP liftoff on July 15, 1975. They are cosmonauts Aleksey A. Leonov (left), commander, and Valeriy N. Kubasov, flight engineer. Leonov is waving to well-wishers at the launch pad. The Soviet ASTP launch preceded the American ASTP Apollo liftoff by seven and one-half hours. The American and Soviet spacecraft were docked in Earth orbit for a total of about 47 hours on July 17-19, 1975. Image Credit: USSR Academy of Sciences
Date 7/16/08
NASA TV's This Week at NASA, …
Expedition 22 Commander Jeff …
03/19/10
Description Expedition 22 Commander Jeff Williams and Flight Engineer Max Suraev made a safe return to Earth in a Soyuz spacecraft which landed on the remote steppes of Kazakhstan. * Students from universities in California and Kentucky built satellites that will fly on a NASA suborbital sounding rocket. The satellites are designed to gather data for possible use in the development of small Earth-orbiting space vehicles.* It√¢s been a year since the launch of NASA's Kepler mission from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, to begin a continuing survey of our Milky Way galaxy for signs of Earth-size planets. * NASA's next space-based observatory, the James Webb Space Telescope, was the featured topic at this year's Women's Science Forum hosted in Baltimore by the Space Telescope Science Institute. * Informing youngsters and the general public about NASA's space communication systems is the goal of a new interactive 3-D computer simulation available on NASA's Website. * NASA scientists drilling through the thick ice of Antarctica's Ross Ice Shelf last November didn't expect to see this shrimp-like thing swimming underneath.
Date 03/19/10
Luna 20
title Luna 20
date 02.14.1972
description This was the eighth Soviet spacecraft launched to return lunar soil to Earth. It was evidently sent to complete the mission that Luna 18 had failed to accomplish. After a 4.5- day flight to the Moon, which included a single midcourse correction on 15 February, Luna 20 entered orbit around the Moon on 18 February. Initial orbital parameters were 100 x 100 kilometers at 65° inclination. Three days later, at 19:13 UT, the spacecraft fired its main engine for 267 seconds to begin descent to the lunar surface. A second firing further reduced velocity before Luna 20 set down safely on the Moon at 19:19 UT on 21 February 1972 at coordinates 3°32' north latitude and 56°33' east longitude, only 1.8 kilometers from the crash site of Luna 18. After collecting a small sample of lunar soil, the spacecraft's ascent stage lifted off at 22:58 UT on 22 February and quickly accelerated to 2.7 kilometers per second velocity -- sufficient to return to Earth. The small spherical capsule eventually parachuted down safely on an island in the Karkingir River, 40 kilometers north of the town of Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan, at 19:19 UT on 25 February 1972. The 55-gram soil sample differed from that collected by Luna 16 in that the majority (50 to 60 percent) of the rock particles in the newer sample were ancient anorthosite (which consists largely of feldspar) rather than the basalt of the earlier one (which contained about 1 to 2 percent of anorthosite). Like the Luna 16 soil, samples of the Luna 20 collection were shared with American and French scientists.
Luna 16
title Luna 16
date 09.12.1970
description Luna 16 was a landmark success for the Soviets in their deep space exploration program, the mission accomplished the first fully automatic recovery of soil samples from the surface of the Moon. The success came after five failures. After a successful coast to the Moon (which included one midcourse correction), Luna 16 entered circular lunar orbit (at 110 kilometers with a a 70° inclination) on 17 September. Two further orbital adjustments on 18 and 19 September altered both altitude and inclination in preparation for descent to the moon. At perilune at 05:12 UT on 20 September, Luna 16 fired its main engine to begin its descent to the surface. Six minutes later, the spacecraft safely soft-landed in its target area at 0°41' south latitude and 56°18' east longitude, in the northeast area of the Sea of Fertility, approximately 100 kilometers east of Webb crater. The mass of the spacecraft at landing was 1,880 kilograms. Less than an hour after landing, at 06:03 UT, an automatic drill penetrated the lunar surface to collect a soil sample. After drilling for 7 minutes, the drill reached a stop at 35 millimeters depth and then withdrew its sample and lifted it in an arc to the top of the spacecraft, depositing the precious cargo in a small spherical capsule mounted on the main spacecraft bus. Finally, at 07:43 UT on 21 September, the spacecraft's upper stage lifted off from the Moon. Three days later, after a direct ascent traverse with no midcourse corrections, the capsule, with its 105 grams of lunar soil, reentered Earth's atmosphere at a velocity of 11 kilometers per second. The capsule parachuted down 80 kilometers southeast of the town of Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan at 05:25 UT on 24 September 1970. Analysis of the dark basalt material indicated a close resemblance to soil recovered by the American Apollo 12 mission.
Installation of Soyuz Spacec …
Title Installation of Soyuz Spacecraft at Baikonur
Full Description The Soyuz spacecraft and launch vehicle are installed on the launch pad at the Baikonur complex in Kazakhstan. Baikonur is the world's largest space center. This launch was part of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP), a cooperative space mission between the United States and the USSR. The goals of ASTP were to test the ability of American and Soviet spacecraft to rendezvous and dock in space and to open the doors to possible international rescue missions and future collaboration on manned spaceflights. The Soyuz and Apollo crafts launched from Baikonur and the Kennedy Space Center respectively, on July 15, 1975. The two spacecraft successfully completed the rendezvous and docking on July 17th. While the Soyuz craft returned to Earth on July 21st, the Apollo craft stayed in space another 3 days, landing on July 24th in the Pacific Ocean. ASTP was a success, as not only did crews accomplish the rendezvous and docking, but they also performed in-flight intervehicular crew transfers and various scientific experiments. ASTP proved to be significant step toward improving international cooperation in space during the Cold War.
Date 07/15/1975
NASA Center Headquarters
Dramatic Evaporation of the …
Title Dramatic Evaporation of the Aral Sea (with dates)
Abstract Disapearing Water: The Aral Sea Over Time (From 1973 to 2001) A time series is a powerful illustrative tool. Where in the case of Las Vegas we see the direct effects of people on the land, in the case of the Aral Sea, separating the countries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, we see indirect, but no less dramatic effects on a different part of the world. The Aral Sea is actually not a sea at all. It is an immense lake, a body of fresh water, although that particular description of its contents might now be more a figure of speech than practical fact. In the last thirty years, more than sixty percent of the lake has disappeared. As you'll see in the visualization, the change over time is dramatic. In the 1970s, farmers and state offices opened significant diversions from the rivers supplying water to the lake, sending millions of gallons to irrigate cotton fields and rice paddies. So voluminous were these irrigation sluices that concentrations of salts and minerals began to rise in the shrinking body of water. That change in chemistry has led to staggering alterations in the lake's ecology, causing precipitous drops in the Aral's fish population. A secondary effect of this reduction in the Aral Sea's overall size is the rapid exposure of the lake bed. Powerful winds that blow across this part of Asia routinely pick up and deposit tens of thousands of tons of now exposed soil every year. This has not only contributed to significant reduction in breathable air quality for nearby residents, but also appreciably affected crop yields due to those heavily salt laden particles falling on arable land. In the following sequence of images, we see a series of Landsat scenes taken several years apart. As the years pass, we see the profound reduction in overall area covered by the Aral, and a commensurate increase in land area as the floor of the sea now lies exposed.
Completed 2001-04-19
Dramatic Evaporation of the …
Title Dramatic Evaporation of the Aral Sea (with dates)
Abstract Disapearing Water: The Aral Sea Over Time (From 1973 to 2001) A time series is a powerful illustrative tool. Where in the case of Las Vegas we see the direct effects of people on the land, in the case of the Aral Sea, separating the countries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, we see indirect, but no less dramatic effects on a different part of the world. The Aral Sea is actually not a sea at all. It is an immense lake, a body of fresh water, although that particular description of its contents might now be more a figure of speech than practical fact. In the last thirty years, more than sixty percent of the lake has disappeared. As you'll see in the visualization, the change over time is dramatic. In the 1970s, farmers and state offices opened significant diversions from the rivers supplying water to the lake, sending millions of gallons to irrigate cotton fields and rice paddies. So voluminous were these irrigation sluices that concentrations of salts and minerals began to rise in the shrinking body of water. That change in chemistry has led to staggering alterations in the lake's ecology, causing precipitous drops in the Aral's fish population. A secondary effect of this reduction in the Aral Sea's overall size is the rapid exposure of the lake bed. Powerful winds that blow across this part of Asia routinely pick up and deposit tens of thousands of tons of now exposed soil every year. This has not only contributed to significant reduction in breathable air quality for nearby residents, but also appreciably affected crop yields due to those heavily salt laden particles falling on arable land. In the following sequence of images, we see a series of Landsat scenes taken several years apart. As the years pass, we see the profound reduction in overall area covered by the Aral, and a commensurate increase in land area as the floor of the sea now lies exposed.
Completed 2001-04-19
Dramatic Evaporation of the …
Title Dramatic Evaporation of the Aral Sea (with dates)
Abstract Disapearing Water: The Aral Sea Over Time (From 1973 to 2001) A time series is a powerful illustrative tool. Where in the case of Las Vegas we see the direct effects of people on the land, in the case of the Aral Sea, separating the countries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, we see indirect, but no less dramatic effects on a different part of the world. The Aral Sea is actually not a sea at all. It is an immense lake, a body of fresh water, although that particular description of its contents might now be more a figure of speech than practical fact. In the last thirty years, more than sixty percent of the lake has disappeared. As you'll see in the visualization, the change over time is dramatic. In the 1970s, farmers and state offices opened significant diversions from the rivers supplying water to the lake, sending millions of gallons to irrigate cotton fields and rice paddies. So voluminous were these irrigation sluices that concentrations of salts and minerals began to rise in the shrinking body of water. That change in chemistry has led to staggering alterations in the lake's ecology, causing precipitous drops in the Aral's fish population. A secondary effect of this reduction in the Aral Sea's overall size is the rapid exposure of the lake bed. Powerful winds that blow across this part of Asia routinely pick up and deposit tens of thousands of tons of now exposed soil every year. This has not only contributed to significant reduction in breathable air quality for nearby residents, but also appreciably affected crop yields due to those heavily salt laden particles falling on arable land. In the following sequence of images, we see a series of Landsat scenes taken several years apart. As the years pass, we see the profound reduction in overall area covered by the Aral, and a commensurate increase in land area as the floor of the sea now lies exposed.
Completed 2001-04-19
Dramatic Evaporation of the …
Title Dramatic Evaporation of the Aral Sea (with dates)
Abstract Disapearing Water: The Aral Sea Over Time (From 1973 to 2001) A time series is a powerful illustrative tool. Where in the case of Las Vegas we see the direct effects of people on the land, in the case of the Aral Sea, separating the countries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, we see indirect, but no less dramatic effects on a different part of the world. The Aral Sea is actually not a sea at all. It is an immense lake, a body of fresh water, although that particular description of its contents might now be more a figure of speech than practical fact. In the last thirty years, more than sixty percent of the lake has disappeared. As you'll see in the visualization, the change over time is dramatic. In the 1970s, farmers and state offices opened significant diversions from the rivers supplying water to the lake, sending millions of gallons to irrigate cotton fields and rice paddies. So voluminous were these irrigation sluices that concentrations of salts and minerals began to rise in the shrinking body of water. That change in chemistry has led to staggering alterations in the lake's ecology, causing precipitous drops in the Aral's fish population. A secondary effect of this reduction in the Aral Sea's overall size is the rapid exposure of the lake bed. Powerful winds that blow across this part of Asia routinely pick up and deposit tens of thousands of tons of now exposed soil every year. This has not only contributed to significant reduction in breathable air quality for nearby residents, but also appreciably affected crop yields due to those heavily salt laden particles falling on arable land. In the following sequence of images, we see a series of Landsat scenes taken several years apart. As the years pass, we see the profound reduction in overall area covered by the Aral, and a commensurate increase in land area as the floor of the sea now lies exposed.
Completed 2001-04-19
Expedition Seven Launched Ab …
Name of Image Expedition Seven Launched Aboard Soyez Spacecraft
Date of Image 2003-04-26
Full Description Destined for the International Space Station (ISS), a Soyez TMA-1 spacecraft launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on April 26, 2003. Aboard are Expedition Seven crew members, cosmonaut Yuri I. Malenchenko, Expedition Seven mission commander, and Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition Seven NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer. Expedition Six crew members returned to Earth aboard the Russian spacecraft after a 5 and 1/2 month stay aboard the ISS. Photo credit: NASA/Scott Andrews
Dust Plumes in Kazakstan
Title Dust Plumes in Kazakstan
Description Plumes of dust swept through Kazakhstan on May 20, 2006. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA'sTerra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture the same day. In this image, one plume of dust moves in a straight line to the north of the Syr Darya valley. Another plume of dust appears to the south, near the border with Uzbekistan. A third plume of dust appears in the east, close to some clouds. Kazakhstan has an arid to semiarid climate prone to extreme temperatures and dust storms. It ranks among the world's great dust-producing areas, along with the Middle East and the Sahara. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team.
Northern Kazakhstan
Title Northern Kazakhstan
Description Mimicking a cubist collage, linear windbreaks of densely planted trees surround farmsteads in this winter landscape near the city of Komsomolets in Northern Kazakhstan. This image was acquired by Landsat 7's Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) sensor. Image provided by the USGS EROS Data Center Satellite Systems Branch as part of the Earth as Art II image series
Fires in Kazakhstan
Title Fires in Kazakhstan
Description In central Kazakhstan, an extremely continental climate creates vast grasslands that in this part of the world are called steppes. Continental climates are generally dry and have great temperature extremes between winter and summer. In this part of Kazakhstan, winters are cold and short, and summers are long, hot, and dry. In the summer, the possibility of out-of-control fires is high, due to both lightning and human activities, such as intentional pasture fires that escape. This Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) image from June 15, 2005, shows several large fires burning in the steppes to the west of Lake Balkhash. Fire locations that MODIS detected are marked in red. Whether these fires are intentional, accidental, or natural is something MODIS cannot determine. Regardless of their origin, reports from the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, these grassland fires cause considerable damage each year to hay and cereal crop production in the region. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the MODIS Rapid Response team.
Retreating Aral Sea Coastlin …
Title Retreating Aral Sea Coastlines
Description The arrow-shaped island in the Aral Sea (lower-right view, taken in 1988) used to be a 35-kilometer-long visual marker, indicating the Aral Sea to astronauts. An image from the present International Space Station increment (top) shows how much the coastline has changed as the sea level has dropped during the last three decades. Arrows indicate the northern shoreline of the original island. This 2005 image shows that the island is now part of the mainland. Deep blues and greens indicate the water-covered areas. The exposed sea floor is characterized by old shorelines (parallel lines surrounding the island) and outlines of ancient deltas. An intermediate stage in the falling sea level is documented in a view taken in 1996 (lower left), in which the island appears larger and elongated towards the eastern shore of the sea. Since the 1960s, sea levels have dropped drastically as rivers that maintained the level of the Aral Sea were diverted—completely in later years—for agricultural purposes, especially for growing cotton. A thriving fishing industry in the world's then fourth-largest lake was largely eliminated as the area of the sea shrank by more than 60 percent. Salts and pesticides that accumulated from agricultural runoff were subsequently exposed on the dry parts of the sea floor. Winds now transport these pollutants into surrounding fields and towns. Although the Kazakhstan government made a concerted effort to increase river inflow into the sea starting in 2003, it will take years before sea levels begin to rise. Astronaut photograph ISS011-E-7865 [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=ISS011&roll=E&frame=7865 ] was acquired June 3, 2005, with a Kodak 760C digital camera with a 180 mm lens. The 1996 photograph NM23-746-24 [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=NM21&roll=746&frame=24 ] was acquired on May 14, 1996, with a Hasselblad camera fitted with a 100 mm lens. The 1988 photograph STS27-34-39 [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=STS027&roll=34&frame=39 ] was acquired on December 5, 1988, with a Hasselblad camera fitted with a 250 mm lens. The images are provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and the Image Science & Analysis Group at the Johnson Space Center. The International Space Station Program [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/home/index.html ] supports the laboratory to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. [ http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov ]
Springtime Floods in Souther …
Title Springtime Floods in Southern Russia
Description A mass of black flood water surrounded the winding curves of the Ural River on May 11, 2005. With its headwaters in the Ural Mountains, the river swells each spring with melting snow. These Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) images, collected on May 11, 2005, top, and April 23, 2005, bottom, contrast water levels on the river just after it crosses the border into Kazakhstan. In addition to filling the river, spring has turned the landscape from a winter brown to a brilliant green in the two and a half weeks that have passed between the two images. The images, shown in false color to highlight the presence of water, also exaggerate the springtime greening. Here, vegetation is bright green while bare earth is tan and pink. Water is dark blue and black. The large images provided above are at MODIS maximum resolution of 250 meters per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response Team provides daily images of the region in additional resolutions [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?Europe_2_05 ]. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC.
Springtime Floods in Souther …
Title Springtime Floods in Southern Russia
Description A mass of black flood water surrounded the winding curves of the Ural River on May 11, 2005. With its headwaters in the Ural Mountains, the river swells each spring with melting snow. These Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) images, collected on May 11, 2005, top, and April 23, 2005, bottom, contrast water levels on the river just after it crosses the border into Kazakhstan. In addition to filling the river, spring has turned the landscape from a winter brown to a brilliant green in the two and a half weeks that have passed between the two images. The images, shown in false color to highlight the presence of water, also exaggerate the springtime greening. Here, vegetation is bright green while bare earth is tan and pink. Water is dark blue and black. The large images provided above are at MODIS maximum resolution of 250 meters per pixel. The MODIS Rapid Response Team provides daily images of the region in additional resolutions [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?Europe_2_05 ]. NASA images courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC.
Fires in Southern Siberia
Title Fires in Southern Siberia
Description Near the border of southern Russia and Kazakhstan, northwest of the Russian city of Omsk, dozens of fires were burning across the plains when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov ] satellite passed overhead on May 14, 2006. These fires, locations marked in red, are associated with large, dark-brown burn scars, and many of the fires are sending smoke plumes southward. Along the top of the scene, the Irtysh River is visible. This scene is centered farther west than other images in this event. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the Goddard Earth Sciences DAAC. [ http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ]
Flooding in Southern Siberia
Title Flooding in Southern Siberia
Description Springtime flooding in southern Siberia is not unusual. Melting snow fills the north-flowing rivers in the south even as upstream sections of the river are still frozen. Floods build up behind dams of ice, or simply build under the fast flow of spring runoff. Spring of 2006 was not exceptional. The Ob River of southern Siberia bulged with melted snow when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured the top image on May 7, 2006. A little over two weeks earlier, lower image, the river was still partially frozen, as evidenced by the strips of light blue ice on the river. Snow, pale blue here, was just beginning to melt on April 21. By May 7, most of the snow was gone, and the river had expanded out over its flood plain. Under the clouds along the right edge of the image is the city of Biysk, where 1,350 houses were flooded, according to news reports. Approximately 5,000 people had evacuated from the region. The Ob forms near Biysk where two smaller rivers converge. The smaller rivers flow out of the Altay Mountains of southern Russia and Mongolia near the borders of China and Kazakhstan. From the segment of the river shown here, the Ob will flow 3,700 kilometers (2,260 miles) north to the Kara Sea, a branch of the Arctic Ocean. NASA images created Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the Goddard Earth Sciences DAAC. [ http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ]
Mir Dreams
Title Mir Dreams
Explanation This dream-like image of Mir [ http://www.hq.nasa.gov/osf/mir/ ] was recorded by astronauts as the Space Shuttle Atlantis [ http://kids.msfc.nasa.gov/Rockets/ShuttleNames.asp ] approached the Russian space station prior to docking during the STS-76 mission [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-76/ index.html ]. Sporting spindly appendages and solar panels, Mir resembles a whimsical flying insect hovering about 350 kilometers above New Zealand's [ http://www.rasnz.org.nz/index.htm ] South Island and the city of Nelson [ http://webnz.com/nelsonarts/foundations.html ], near Cook Strait [ http://www.south-pole.com/p0000071.htm ]. In late March 1996, Atlantis shuttled astronaut Shannon W. Lucid [ http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/lucid.html ] to Mir for a five month visit, increasing Mir's occupancy from 2 to 3. It returned to pick Lucid up and drop off astronaut John Blaha [ http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/blaha.html ] during the STS-79 mission [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-79/mission-sts-79.html ] in August of that year. Since becoming operational in 1986, Mir has [ http://www.hq.nasa.gov/osf/mir/mirvis.html ] been visited by over 100 spacefarers from the nations of planet Earth including, Russia, the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Austria, Kazakhstan and Slovakia. After joint Shuttle-Mir [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/ ] training missions in support of the International Space Station [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/index.html ], continuous occupation of Mir ended in August 1999. Mir is still in orbit and its operation is now being pursued by commercial interests [ http://www.mirstation.com/index.html ].
Mir Dreams
Title Mir Dreams
Explanation This dream [ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/mir/day.html ]-like image of Mir [ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/mir/tour.html ] was recorded by astronauts as the Space Shuttle Atlantis [ http://kids.msfc.nasa.gov/Rockets/ShuttleNames.asp ] approached the Russian space station prior to docking during the STS-76 mission. Sporting spindly appendages and solar panels, Mir resembles a whimsical flying insect hovering about 350 kilometers above New Zealand's [ http://www.rasnz.org.nz/index.htm ] South Island and the city of Nelson near Cook Strait [ http://www.south-pole.com/p0000071.htm ]. In late March 1996, Atlantis shuttled astronaut Shannon W. Lucid [ http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/lucid.html ] to Mir for a five month visit, increasing Mir's occupancy from 2 to 3. It returned to pick Lucid up and drop off astronaut John Blaha [ http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/blaha.html ] during the STS-79 mission [ http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-79/mission-sts-79.html ] in August of that year. Since becoming operational in 1986, Mir has [ http://www.cosmicimages.com/Mir/index.html ] been visited by over 100 spacefarers from the nations of planet Earth including, Russia, the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Austria, Kazakhstan and Slovakia. After joint Shuttle-Mir [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/ ] training missions in support of the International Space Station [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/index.html ], continuous occupation of Mir ended in August 1999. The Mir was deorbited [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010323.html ] in March 2001.
Supply Ship Approaches the S …
Title Supply Ship Approaches the Space Station
Explanation The crew [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/crew/exp9/ ] on board the International Space Station [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/index.html ] sometimes needs supplies. As the US Space Shuttle fleet [ http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/orbiters.html ] prepares to return to flight [ http://www.nasa.gov/news/highlights/returntoflight.html ], supplies usually now come from a robot Progress supply vessel [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/assembly/elements/progress/index.html ] launched from Kazakhstan [ http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/kz.html ]. Pictured above [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-9/html/iss009e08847.html ], a Progress ship approaches the ISS [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap021208.html ] on May 27, delivering over 2,500 kilograms of food, water, fuel and other important items. The supply ship soon docked with the Zvezda Service Module [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/assembly/elements/sm/index.html ] while orbiting [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010723.html ] the Earth over 300 kilometers over central Asia.
A Soyuz Spacecraft Approache …
Title A Soyuz Spacecraft Approaches the Space Station
Explanation Last month, a Soyuz TMA-7 spacecraft docked with the International Space Station. The spacecraft was launched [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap051009.html ] a few days earlier from the Baikonur Cosmodrome [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome ] in Kazakhstan [ http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/kz.html ]. Pictured above [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-12/html/iss011e14111.html ], the approaching Soyuz spacecraft [ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz.html ] carried the new Expedition 12 crew [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition12/ ] to the Earth-orbiting International Space Station [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap050816.html ] (ISS), as well as fee-paying spaceflight participant [ http://www.spaceadventures.com/orbit ]. The Expedition 12 [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition12/exp12_overview.html ] crew is expected to stay on the ISS for about six months, while replacing the Expedition 11 crew [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition11/ ] who had been on the station for about six months themselves. About a week after this image was taken, the Expedition 11 crew returned [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition11/exp11_lands.html ] to Earth in the Soyuz capsule, along with the spaceflight participant. The Expedition 12 [ http://space.com/missionlaunches/051021_exp12_profiles.html ] crew will carry out repairs on the ISS [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html ], explore new methods of living in space, and conduct research in space [ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/science/index.html ] including a kidney stone [ http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/stonesadults/ ] experiment [ http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/news/releases/2005/05-170.html ].
Mir Dreams
Title Mir Dreams
Explanation This dream [ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/mir/day.html ]-like image of Mir [ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/mir/tour.html ] was recorded by astronauts as the space shuttle orbiter Atlantis [ http://kids.msfc.nasa.gov/Rockets/ShuttleNames.asp ] approached the Russian space station prior to docking during the STS-76 mission in 1996. Sporting spindly appendages and solar panels, Mir resembles a whimsical flying insect hovering about 350 kilometers above New Zealand's [ http://www.rasnz.org.nz/index.htm ] South Island and the city of Nelson near Cook [ http://www.south-pole.com/p0000071.htm ] Strait. Mir was launched 20 years ago [ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/mir.html ] this week, and served as a continuously occupied orbital outpost [ http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/ ] until August 1999. Mir was visited by over 100 spacefarers from the nations of planet Earth including, Russia, the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Austria, Kazakhstan and Slovakia. The Mir was deorbited [ http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap010323.html ] in March 2001.
Beagle 2 lander leaving the …
title Beagle 2 lander leaving the Mars Express orbiter
Description The Beagle 2 lander, to be carried on ESA's Mars Express, is equipped with a suite of instruments designed to look for evidence of life on Mars. The Soyuz/Fregat lifts off on 2 June 2003 with ESA's Mars Express. Europe's first mission to the Red Planet leaves Earth when the positions of the two planets make for the shortest possible route, a condition that occurs once every twenty-six months. The intrepid spacecraft will start its six-month journey from the Baikonur launch pad in Kazakhstan onboard a Russian Soyuz/Fregat launcher. Credit: ESA
Expedition 28 Landing (20110 …
nasa, nasaheadquartersflickr …
Expedition 28 Commander Andr …
6175710739_526e2e602a_b
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2011-09-23
creator NASA
identifier 6175710739_526e2e602a_b
North Aral Sea Recovery: Ima …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In 2000, the Aral Sea was in …
ge_07645
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-04-14
creator NASA -- NASA images created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC.
identifier ge_07645
North Aral Sea Recovery: Ima …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In 2000, the Aral Sea was in …
ge_07645
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-04-14
creator NASA -- NASA images created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC.
identifier ge_07645
North Aral Sea Recovery: Ima …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In 2000, the Aral Sea was in …
ge_07645
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-04-14
creator NASA -- NASA images created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC.
identifier ge_07645
North Aral Sea Recovery: Ima …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
In 2000, the Aral Sea was in …
ge_07645
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-04-14
creator NASA -- NASA images created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC.
identifier ge_07645
Spring in Kazakhstan: Natura …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Spring was clearly settling …
ge_19750
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2008-03-30
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_19750
Fires in Southern Siberia: N …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Near the border of southern …
omsk_amo_2006134
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-05-14
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier omsk_amo_2006134
Springtime Floods in Souther …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
Ural_TMO_2005131
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-05-11
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier Ural_TMO_2005131
Windswept Shores of the Aral …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
As recently as the 1960's th …
PIA04324
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2002-12-03
creator NASA -- Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/ MISR Team.
identifier PIA04324
Expedition 25 Soyuz Landing …
nasa, nasaheadquartersflickr …
Seated from left, Expedition …
5210790865_3bab9e6eaf_o
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2010-11-27
creator NASA
identifier 5210790865_3bab9e6eaf_o
Dust Storm, Aral Sea, Kazakh …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
Astronauts aboard the Intern …
ISS015-E-07874
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2007-05-12
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ISS015-E-07874
Cloud Streets Across Caspian …
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
The Caspian Sea and the surr …
ge_08399
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2008-01-10
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_08399
Dust Plumes in Kazakstan: Na …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Plumes of dust swept through …
kazakstan_tmo_2006140
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-05-20
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier kazakstan_tmo_2006140
Earth observations taken fro …
johnsonspacecentermediaarchi …
Earth observation views take …
STS085-505-060
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 1997-08-15
creator NASA
identifier STS085-505-060
Flooding in Southern Siberia …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
siberia_tmo_2006127
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-05-02
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier siberia_tmo_2006127
Fires in Kazakhstan: Natural …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
In central Kazakhstan, an ex …
ge_15035
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-06-15
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_15035
Fires in Kazakhstan: Natural …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
In central Kazakhstan, an ex …
ge_15035
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2005-06-15
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier ge_15035
Flooding in Southern Siberia …
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
siberia_tmo_2006130
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2006-05-10
creator NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day
identifier siberia_tmo_2006130
Aral Sea: Image of the Day
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle …
* eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ima …
aral_sea_1989_2003
mediatype IMAGE
mediatype image
date 2003-08-12
creator NASA -- Image obtained from the glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/index.shtml University of Maryland Global Land Cover Facility .
identifier aral_sea_1989_2003
Windswept Shores of the Aral …
PIA04324
Sol (our sun)
Multi-angle Imaging SpectroR …
Title Windswept Shores of the Aral Sea
Original Caption Released with Image . The Little Aral Sea is located near the left-hand edge of these images, and the eastern portion of the Large Aral is below image center. Of the two major rivers that once fed the Aral Sea, the freshwater contribution from the Amu Darya River is now negligible. The Syr Darya River now only feeds the Little Aral. Depletion of the Aral Sea has led to soil and water salination and agrochemical contamination. The retreating shoreline leaves the surface encrusted with salt and with agrochemicals brought in by the rivers. As the Sea's moderating climatic influence has diminished, temperature variations in the region have altered, resulting in colder winters and hotter, drier summers. When strong westerly winds occur, large quantities of saline dust (and agrochemical toxins) can travel several hundred kilometers. In these images, several groups of low cumulus clouds are clustered over open bodies of water and are identifiable in the stereo view by their height above the surface. A number of large white streaks extend eastward toward the Kyzylkum desert. Although their altitude cannot be ascertained from the nadir image, the stereo anaglyph shows that they are close to, or at, the surface. Several of these features originate from the eastern edge of the Large Aral, and may be associated with windblown snow and/or salt particles carried aloft. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer observes the daylit Earth continuously and every 9 days views the entire globe between 82 degrees north and 82 degrees south latitude. These data products were generated from a portion of the imagery acquired during Terra orbit 15741. The panels cover an area of about 370 kilometers x 300 kilometers, and use data from blocks 53 to 56 within World Reference System-2 path 160. MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory,Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center,Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute ofTechnology., As recently as the 1960's the Aral Sea of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan was the fourth-largest inland sea in the world. Since then, its water volume has dropped by about 80% due to extensive irrigation systems developed during the Soviet era to produce cotton and other crops. What was once a single body of water has now separated into several smaller seas. Since the separation of the Little Aral from the Large Aral in 1987, the shores of what had once been an island in the middle of the Large Aral (Vozrozhdeniya Island) have expanded to form a land bridge that almost completely separates the eastern and western parts of the Large Aral. These views from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) portray the Little Aral and the eastern Large Aral at the onset of winter, on December 3, 2002. A natural-color view from MISR's nadir camera is shown at top, while the bottom panel is a 3D stereo anaglyph in which red-band data from the 60-degree forward-viewing camera is combined with green and blue-band data from the nadir (vertical-viewing) camera. To facilitate stereo viewing, the images have been rotated so that north is toward the left and east is toward the top. Viewing the anaglyph in 3D requires the use of red-blue glasses, with the red filter placed over your left eye. Information on ordering glasses can be found at http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/Help/VendorList.html#Glasses [ http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/Help/VendorList.html#Glasses ]
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description International Space Station Imagery
General Description International Space Station Imagery
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