Browse All : Columbia and STS-65 and Crew Earth Observation (CEO) of Johnson Space Center (JSC)

STS-65 Earth observation of the Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island in Texas

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of the Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island in Texas
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows the Bolivar Peninsula and Galveston Island in Texas. The peninsula and island form the seaward side of the Galveston Bay complex. The photograph is centered at approximately 29.3 degrees north and 94.8 degrees west. This view of the area shows typical summer clouds. Both coastal and bay current flows are prominent. Ship traffic is visible in Bolivar Roads. The Texas City Dike is near the center of the photograph and was designed to protect the upper bay from wave action. The heavily urbanized Galveston Island is in contrast to the lightly populated Bolivar Peninsula.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, was taken aboard OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, was taken aboard OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti. This view, centered at approximately 18.5 degrees north and 72.5 degrees west, shows the location of the city of Port-Au-Prince. It is located at the head of Port-Au-Prince Bay in a valley. The Eastern edge of Saumatre Lake, visible in the photograph, forms the boundary with the Dominican Republic. The Haitian Republic occupies the western portion of the Island of Hispaniola.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Yanbu' Al Bahr, Saudia Arabia, taken from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Yanbu' Al Bahr, Saudia Arabia, taken from OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows the west coast of Saudi Arabia with the port city of Yanbu' Al Bahr. The coast and this port city are the identifying landmarks with respect to locating the position of the striated plankton blooms in the Red Sea. This plankton bloom is accentuated by the sizable diverging eddies as the surface currents seem to be deflected by the small near-shore islands into the north and south eddies. Approximate center point for the photograph is 23.5 degrees north and 37.5 degrees east.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of western Pacific Ocean with large typhoon

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of western Pacific Ocean with large typhoon
Description	This photograph was fairly characteristic of the western Pacific Ocean between the Philippine Islands and the area just south of the Japanese Islands during the duration of the STS-65 shuttle mission. The western half of a large typhoon can be seen near the horizon and terminator. Numerous small thunderstorms are visible toward the center of the photograph, and an extensive area of scattered clouds (with possibly dissipated or collapsed thunderstorms) can be seen towards the bottom of the picture. View was taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of northern Australia (winter burning) from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of northern Australia (winter burning) from OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows late winter burning in northern Australia and the extreme northern coastal area that includes the Cobourg Peninsula, as well as Melville and Bathurst Islands. These fires were probably set intentionally to renew pasture under open canopy woodland. The very dark lowland areas on Melville Island represent mangrove woodland. In contrast to some other tropical regions (for example Madagascar and Indonesia), no soil erosion (sediment plumes) is visible in this photograph.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Northern Chile and Andes Mtns taken from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Northern Chile and Andes Mtns taken from OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows Northern Chile and the Andes Mountains. This color photograph is a panoramic (southern view) that features Chile and the Andes Mountains of South America. The Atacama Desert, one of the driest regions on Earth, is clearly visible along the Chilean coast. In the near left foreground is the Salar de Arizaro. Salar Punta Negra in the center foreground appears to be partially filled with water. On the right side of the view, a coastal plateau rises from the Pacific Ocean and meets the Andes Mountains that appear as a backbone running north to south along the border of Chile and Argentina. In the distant left portion of the view can be seen the hazy Chaco Plains and Pampas.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of dust plumes from Rio Grande in Southern Bolivia

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of dust plumes from Rio Grande in Southern Bolivia
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is of dust plumes from the Rio Grande in Southern Bolivia. A series of dust plumes can be seen rising from sand banks in the Rio Grande of southern Bolivia, bottom right of this northeast-looking view. The Rio Grande brings sediment from the Andes (foothills visible in the foreground, bottom left) and flows across the flat country of the northern Chaco plain. During the low-flow season, sand banks of this sediment are exposed to northerly winds which often blow dust into the surrounding forest. One of the significances of the dust plumes is that dust acts as a source of nutrient for the local soils. This is the most impressive example of dust ever recorded on Shuttle photography from this river. Such plumes have been seen on photographs from four previous missions (STS-31, STS-47, STS-48, STS-51I) emanating from the Rio Grande. The plumes are regularly space because the sand is blown only from those reaches of th
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Bahama Islands with dust pall, taken from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Bahama Islands with dust pall, taken from OV-102
Description	During STS-65 a significant dust pall that originated in western Africa was recorded by a series of low oblique color photographs as it continued its westward trek across the Atlantic Ocean and then the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico area. This particular view captures the northern edge of the dust, positioned just slightly north of the Bahama Islands. This major transport of African dust to the western hemisphere has been recorded periodically by other Shuttle astronauts and earlier Shuttle missions. Scientifically, there is evidence that some of this African dust even reaches the Amazon rainforest and serves as a source of airborne nutrients for rainforest vegetation. This photograph was taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of eddies on the Philippine Sea taken aboard OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of eddies on the Philippine Sea taken aboard OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is a sunglint view of the Philippine Sea highlighting eddies produced by one or more dark islands partially obscured by clouds. These dark islands are on the opposite side of the field of view from the shuttle and have produced the various sized eddies which appear as swirls. Intermingled with these eddies are highlighted current flow lines and internal waves. These internal waves seem to be propagated on only one side of the eddy boundary. According to NASA scientists this eddy boundary may be produced by winds, differences in water temperature or a combination of these.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Brahmaputra River, Northeast India

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Brahmaputra River, Northeast India
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is of the Brahmaputra River in Northeast India. The Brahmaputra River is a highly braided, meandering river with innumerable river islands, alluvial fans, sand bars, ox-bow lakes, and marshes. The valley is built by deposition of alluvium upon a sag formed during the period of the rise of the Himalaya. The Brahmaputra has more than 35 major tributaries. During the rainy season (June-September), the Brahmaputra is rendering an enormous slow moving lake. Floods are an annual menace to agriculture and settlements in the valley. Vast amounts of silt and debris, already a problem, are increased many folds with continuing deforestation of the mountain slopes.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Hurricane Emilia in Eastern Pacific Ocean

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Hurricane Emilia in Eastern Pacific Ocean
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows Hurricane Emilia in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Hurricane Emilia's wind speeds exceeded 150 knots. This high oblique view of the storm shows numerous spiral bands of thunderstorms, overshooting thunderstorm tops at the tropopause, and a well developed eye at the center of the picture. Shuttle photography provides high resolution details of these powerful and destructive systems that are not fully possible from lower-resolution, unmanned satellites.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Lake Chad, Africa, taken aboard Columbia, OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Lake Chad, Africa, taken aboard Columbia, OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows Lake Chad, Africa. This is another long term ecological monitoring site for NASA scientists. Lake Chad was first photographed from space in 1965. A 25-year length-of-record data set exists for this environmentally important area. A number of these scenes have been digitized, rectified, classified and results show that the lake area has been shrinking and only 15% to 20% of the surface water is visible on space images. NASA's objective in monitoring this lake is to document the intra- and interannual areal changes of the largest standing water body in the Sahelian biome of North Africa. These areal changes are an indicator of the presence or absence of drought across the arguably overpopulated, overgrazed, and over biological carrying capacity limits nations of the Sahel.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Hurricane Emilia taken aboard Columbia, OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Hurricane Emilia taken aboard Columbia, OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation of Hurricane Emilia in Pacific Ocean was taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102. This vertical view, photographed with a handheld 70mm camera, reveals the well-defined eye of the hurricane as it moves westerly several hundred miles southeast of the big island of Hawaii. Early in the flight the crew was able to observe the evolution of the storm and there was some concern that it might eventually head toward the Hawaiian Islands. Fortunately it did not.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil taken from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil taken from OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. This port city with a population of 11.6 million people can be seen to the left of Governador Island. Aeroporto Galeao is visible on the left, or western half of Governador Island. Below Governador Island is the Ponte Rio Niteroi bridge which connects the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niteroi. Several ships can be seen in the Bay of Guanabara.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of center-pivot irrigation in Saudi Arabia

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of center-pivot irrigation in Saudi Arabia
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is of center-pivot irrigation in North Central Saudi Arabia. This 250mm color photograph shows a small section of desert land where center-pivot irrigation is used for crop production. This particular area is representative of a much larger area within Saudi Arabia where this agricultural practice is being applied. The water is being extracted from subsurface reserves that infiltrated deep aquifers over the Central Arabian Arch during previous geological periods, when the climate was much wetter than present. This view is an example of the use of abundant fossil water to achieve self sufficiency in food production. Note OV-102's vertical stabilizer and tail cap are visible in the view.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of island wake at Oahu, Hawaii, taken from OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of island wake at Oahu, Hawaii, taken from OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows Oahu, Hawaii. The island wake emerging to the lower left side of Oahu is caused by wind currents blowing from the northeast being obstructed by the northwest-southeast trending, cloud covered, Koolau mountain range. The lighter colored water indicates a more smooth surface with a slower water current that the darker, rougher, faster moving water current. Pearl Harbor is visible to the south of the Koolau Range. To the right, or east, of Pearl Harbor is the city of Honolulu. The circular, brown feature to the east of Honolulu is the dormant volcano Diamond Head.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Central South American agricultural smoke plumes

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Central South American agricultural smoke plumes
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows smoke plumes over South America. The plumes are either the destruction of crop residues in preparation of spring planting or the clearance of new land for planting. The smoke pall covers thousands of kilometers. The smoke cloud could be seen on weather satellite photographs during the mission and the astronauts were informed of its presence. The darker areas of the photograph are heavily vegetated wetlands.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of Omo River Delta, Lake Turkana in Ethiopia / Kenya

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of Omo River Delta, Lake Turkana in Ethiopia / Kenya
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, is of Omo River Delta and Lake Turkana in Ethiopia / Kenya. The Omo Delta at the north end of Lake Turkana (Rudolph) is one of the long-term environmental study sites of the Space Shuttle program. The environmental interest in this instance is the documentation of the delta's extension into the lake. This delta extension, or aggradation, is felt to be the result of large-scale soil erosion in the recently deforested areas of Ethiopia in the watershed of the Omo River. Using digitized, rectified, machine-classified, and mensurated NASA photography, it has been determined that the Omo Delta has increased in area by approximately 400% to about 1,800 square kilometers since it was first photographed during the Gemini program in 1965. This photograph documents the long-term and increasing turbidity of Lake Turkana and the continuing delta extension southward by both the northwest and northeast distributaries of the Om
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation of deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil taken on OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation of deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil taken on OV-102
Description	STS-65 Earth observation taken aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102, shows deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil. he fishbone pattern in the middle ground is the western half of the great newly deforested zone in the vast green rainforest of Rondonia (deforested area in the view is approximately 200 kilometers in length). Apart from a relatively small area of commercial forestry and some mining in the area covered by the view, clearing of rainforest has taken place since 1988. Points of complete clearing are towns aligned along the axis of the deforested zone. The somewhat cleared areas in the distance (top middle to top right) are a low range of hills (up to 500 meters) known as the Serra dos Parecis. In this south-looking view, the line of clearing in the distance is an axis of development on the main road to the Bolivian border.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

STS-65 Earth observation with Moon in distance taken from Columbia, OV-102

Title	STS-65 Earth observation with Moon in distance taken from Columbia, OV-102
Description	This photograph demonstrates the stark contrast between a dynamic Earth with its protective atmosphere and heavily cratered Moon with no atmosphere. The Sea of Tranquility, where Neil A. Armstrong first stepped onto the Moon 25 years ago, can been seen as the dark area roughly located at the center of the visible Moon. STS-65 crewmembers captured this view while aboard Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102 during the second International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-2) mission.
Date Taken	1994-07-23

Narrow Search

Remove

What

Where

Who

When

Browse All : Columbia and STS-65 and Crew Earth Observation (CEO) of Johnson Space Center (JSC)