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Carbon Monoxide over Indones
…
| Title |
Carbon Monoxide over Indonesia |
| Description |
The MODIS instrument onboard NASA?s Aqua satellite detected widespread fire activity on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=12530 ] The burning of biomass produces, among other pollutants, high amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) which is detected by the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument launched on board the Terra satellite in December 1999. The false-color image below shows the atmospheric carbon monoxide concentrations at 700 hPa (about 3 km altitude) over Borneo averaged for September 15 - October 15, 2004. Only data collected during daytime have been included in this image. Carbon monoxide retrievals from daytime observations are, compared to retrievals from nighttime observations, more sensitive to CO concentrations at lower altitudes and better represent the location of sources. Regions with high amounts of CO are represented in red and yellow colors and correlate well with the location of the MODIS fire counts. Areas where no data have been collected due to persistent cloud coverage are shown in gray. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided courtesy of the NCAR and University of Toronto MOPITT teams. |
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Dust Storm out of Northern A
…
| Title |
Dust Storm out of Northern Africa |
| Description |
On March 29, 2007, the Shiveluch Volcano (sometimes spelled Sheveluch) on the Russian Federation's Kamchatka Peninsula erupted. According to the Alaska Volcano Observatory [ http://www.avo.alaska.edu/activity/avoreport.php?view=kaminfo ] the volcano underwent an explosive eruption between 01:50 and 2:30 UTC, sending an ash cloud skyward roughly 9,750 meters (32,000 feet), based on visual estimates. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture at 02:00 UTC on March 29. The top image shows the volcano and its surroundings. The bottom image shows a close-up view of the volcano at 250 meters per pixel. Satellites often capture images of volcanic ash plumes, but usually as the plumes are blowing away. Plumes have been observed blowing away from Shiveluch [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14078 ] before. This image, however, is different. At the time the Aqua satellite passed overhead, the eruption was recent enough (and the air was apparently still enough) that the ash cloud still hovered above the summit. In this image, the bulbous cloud casts its shadow northward over the icy landscape. Volcanic ash eruptions inject particles into Earth's atmosphere. Substantial eruptions of light-reflecting particles can reduce temperatures and even affect atmospheric circulation. Large eruptions impact climate patterns [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/Volcano/ ] for years. A massive eruption of the Tambora Volcano [ http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/03oct_novarupta.htm ] in Indonesia in 1815, for instance, earned 1816 the nickname "the year without a summer."Shiveluch [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1000-27= ] is a stratovolcano—a steep-sloped volcano composed of alternating layers of solidified ash, hardened lava, and volcanic rocks. One of Kamchatka's largest volcanoes, it sports a summit reaching 3,283 meters (10,771 feet). Shiveluch is also one of the peninsula's most active volcanoes, with an estimated 60 substantial eruptions in the past 10,000 years. You can download a 250-meter-resolution KMZ file of the North African dust storm [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Mar2007/nafrica_tmo_2007087.kmz ] for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
|
Plume from Gamkonora
| Title |
Plume from Gamkonora |
| Description |
On July 7, 2007, the Gamkonora Volcano on Halmahera, Indonesia, began releasing plumes of ash, according to a report from ABC News, Australia. Over the next few days, the volcano continued its activity, including ejecting flaming rocks. The activity forced the evacuation of some 8,600 residents. At 14:50 East Indonesian Time on July 9, the volcano erupted, according to ReliefWeb. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this image of Gamkonora releasing a volcanic plume on July 10, 2007. Clouds obscure much of the view, but the plume's beige color distinguishes it from the surrounding clouds.Gamkonora [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0608-04= ] is a stratovolcano composed of alternating layers of hardened lava, solidified ash, and volcanic rocks left by previous eruptions. Rising to a height of 1,635 meters (5,364 feet), it is the highest peak on the island of Halmahera. Its largest recorded eruption occurred in 1673, accompanied by tsunamis that overwhelmed nearby villages. You can download a 250-meter-resolution KMZ file of Gamkonora [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Jul2007/gamkonora_amo_2007191.kmz ] suitable for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/ ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
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Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka
…
| Title |
Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula |
| Description |
On March 29, 2007, the Sheveluch (Shiveluch) Volcano on the Russian Federation's Kamchatka Peninsula erupted. According to the Alaska Volcano Observatory [ http://www.avo.alaska.edu/activity/avoreport.php?view=kaminfo ] the volcano underwent an explosive eruption between 01:50 and 2:30 UTC, sending an ash cloud skyward roughly 9,750 meters (32,000 feet), based on visual estimates. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] flying onboard NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite took this picture at 02:00 UTC on March 29. The top image shows the volcano and its surroundings. The bottom image shows a close-up view of the volcano at 250 meters per pixel. Images of volcanic ash plumes often show the plumes blowing away, and Sheveluch is no exception. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=14078 ] This image, however, is different. It shows the gray-brown ash cloud suspended directly over the summit. At the time the Aqua satellite passed overhead, the local air was apparently still enough to let the ash cloud hover. In this image, the bulbous cloud casts its shadow northward over the icy landscape. Volcanic ash eruptions inject particles into Earth's atmosphere. Substantial eruptions of light-reflecting particles can reduce temperatures and even affect atmospheric circulation. Large eruptions impact climate patterns [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/Volcano/ ] for years. A massive eruption of the Tambora Volcano [ http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/03oct_novarupta.htm ] in Indonesia in 1815, for instance, earned 1816 the nickname "the year without a summer."Sheveluch [ http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1000-27= ] is a stratovolcano—a steep-sloped volcano composed of alternating layers of solidified ash, hardened lava, and volcanic rocks. One of Kamchatka's largest volcanoes, it sports a summit reaching 3,283 meters (10,771 feet). Sheveluch is also one of the peninsula's most active volcanoes, with an estimated 60 substantial eruptions in the past 10,000 years. You can download a 250-meter-resolution KMZ file of Kamchatka's most active volcanic region, which includes Sheveluch, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/Images/Kliuchevskoi.2007088.aqua.250m.kmz ] for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html ] There is also a 250-meter-resolution close-up KMZ file of Sheveluch. [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Mar2007/Shiveluch.A2007088.0200.250m.kmz ] NASA image courtesy the MODIS Rapid Response Team [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov ] at NASA GSFC. The Rapid Response Team provides daily images [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?Kliuchevskoi ] of this region. |
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Fires on Borneo
| Title |
Fires on Borneo |
| Description |
Scores of fires burning in Indonesia pumped out the thick haze seen in this photo-like satellite image. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ]) on NASA's Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov/ ] satellite captured this image on September 10, 2006. Red dots mark the locations of the fires on the southern half of the island of Borneo. Scattered white clouds and a thick pall of grey-white haze obscure much of Borneo and the Java Sea to its west. Though the practice is now illegal in Indonesia, fire is frequently used as a tool to clear land for agriculture. During August 2006, more than eight million hectares of forest and additional farm land burned, reported the Agence France-Presse [ http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Fires_Rage_As_Haze_Thickens_In_Borneo_999.html ] news service. The annual fires regularly cloak Indonesia and its neighbors, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore, in thick smoke that can interrupt air and sea traffic. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the Goddard Earth Sciences DAAC. [ http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] |
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Fires on Borneo and Sumatra
| Title |
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra |
| Description |
On the island of Borneo, numerous fires were burning in the swampy, southern coastal region on October 4, 2004. The Kalimantan region of Indonesia occupies most of the central and southern portion of the island, and it is here that most of the fires (marked in red) are burning. The northern part of the island (not pictured) is occupied by the Sarawak region of Malaysia. Smoke mixes with clouds over most of the scene. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response team. |
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Fires on Borneo and Sumatra
| Title |
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra |
| Description |
Since mid-August, fires have been burning off and on in southern Borneo, and a blanket of smoke has been drawn over the island. Most of the island is occupied by the Kalimantan region of Indonesia, with the southern coastal areas originally home to lowland rainforests, peat swamp forests, and wetland areas. Degradation of these landscapes through unregulated and illegal logging, as well as intentional and accidental fire is a severe environmental and social problem for the country. In this image captured on October 11, 2004, by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua satellite, thick smoke nearly hides the southern part of the island, and active fires detected by MODIS are marked in red. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by the MODIS Rapid Response team. |
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Fires on Borneo and Sumatra
| Title |
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra |
| Description |
On Sumatra, a chain of steep mountains runs along the western coast and tapers down to a low-lying coastal plain in the east. There, the land is covered by a mixture of lowland rainforests, peat swamp forests, wetlands, and agricultural lands. People use slash-and-burn deforestation to clear land for agriculture, with negative outcomes for environmental quality not just at the site itself but surrounding ecosystems as well. Fires get out of control and creep into undisturbed forests, degrading them and setting them up for more intense fires later on. Regional air quality is compromised off and on for several months when the burning is severe, as it was in 1998, during an extreme El Niño-induced drought. Open burning is banned, but regulation is difficult. This image of burning on the island was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA?s Aqua satellite on October 14, 2004. Active fires are marked in red, and are most abundant in the area around the city Palembang, to the right of image center. Meanwhile, to the east, fires in the Kalimantan, Indonesia, [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=12529 ]portion of the island of Borneo are contributing to the regional haze. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the MODIS Rapid Response team. |
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Fires on Borneo and Sumatra
| Title |
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra |
| Description |
In Sumatra and Indonesia, seasonal fires and the thick smoke they produce plagued the islands for nearly two months in late 2006. Beginning in mid-September 2006, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [ http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov ] on NASA's Terra [ http://terra.nasa.gov ] and Aqua [ http://aqua.nasa.gov ] satellites detected numerous fires in daily images of the area. This image was captured by Aqua MODIS on November 5, 2006. Active fire locations are marked with red dots. Thick smoke spreads between the two islands, the grayish haze mingling with brighter clouds. Many factors contribute to the fires, which usually start from agricultural burning, but often spread into adjacent tropical forest. When the forests have been degraded by logging, they become much more prone to fire. In addition, climate fluctuations, such as droughts that occur in concert with El Niño events, can make the fires worse. During droughts, the typically soggy forest floor of these lowland forests dries out. The thick layer of dead vegetation on the forest floor, peat, becomes flammable and produces enormous quantities of smoke when it burns. You can download a 250-meter-resolution KMZ file [ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Archive/Nov2006/indonesia_amo_2006309.kmz ] of Borneo and Sumatra for use with Google Earth. [ http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html ] NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response [ http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/ ] team. |
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Fires on Cape York Peninsula
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| Title |
Fires on Cape York Peninsula and New Guinea |
| Description |
Across the lowlands of southern New Guinea, numerous fires (marked in red) were burning on October 11, 2004, when this image was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua satellite. The island is occupied by two different nations: the western (left) half by the Indonesian territory of Irian Jaya and the eastern (right) half by Papua New Guinea. The image is roughly centered on the boundary between the two, and fires are burning across both countries. Both countries are struggling to control illegal logging. The Website of the Food and Agriculture Organization [ http://www.fao.org/forestry/foris/webview/forestry2/index.jsp?siteId=5081&sitetreeId=18927&langId=1&geoId=0 ] of the United Nations reports that some estimates suggest that 40 to 60 percent of the industrial roundwood in Indonesia is not legally harvested. In Papua New Guinea, logging continues, despite an official ban on logging exports, according to information from the U.S. State Department. [ http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2797.htm ] Whether these particular fires are related to illegal logging is unknown, but often fire is used by timber operators and tree plantation owners to degrade undisturbed rainforest in the hopes of gaining concessions to the land. NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data obtained from the MODIS Rapid Response team. |
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Carbon Monoxide over Indones
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nasa, nasanaturalhazards
The MODIS instrument onboard
…
moppit_borneo_25oct04
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-10-15 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
moppit_borneo_25oct04 |
|
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra:
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On Sumatra, a chain of steep
…
aqua_sumatra_14oct04
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-10-14 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
aqua_sumatra_14oct04 |
|
Sea Surface Temperature in W
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
Recent satellite measurement
…
amsre_ssta_2004293
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-10-19 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory Team, using AMSR-E data obtained from www.ssmi.com/ Remote Sensing Systems . |
| identifier |
amsre_ssta_2004293 |
|
Dust Storm out of Northern A
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On March 29, 2007, the Shive
…
nafrica_tmo_2007087
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2007-03-27 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
nafrica_tmo_2007087 |
|
Plume from Gamkonora: Natura
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On July 7, 2007, the Gamkono
…
gamkonora_amo_2007191
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2007-07-10 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
gamkonora_amo_2007191 |
|
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra:
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
In Sumatra and Indonesia, se
…
indonesia_amo_2006309
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2006-11-05 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
indonesia_amo_2006309 |
|
La Nina Still Going in Janua
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Li
…
pacific_amsre_2008014
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2008-01-14 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
pacific_amsre_2008014 |
|
Fires on Borneo and Sumatra:
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Since mid-August, fires have
…
aqua_borneo_11oct04
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2003-10-11 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
aqua_borneo_11oct04 |
|
Fires on Borneo: Natural Haz
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Scores of fires burning in I
…
borneo_amo_2006253
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2006-09-10 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
borneo_amo_2006253 |
|
El Nino Chills the Western P
…
nasa, nasaimageofthedaygalle
…
Stretching across nearly a t
…
ssta_amsre_200611
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2006 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using data provided by Chelle Gentemann, Remote Sensing Systems. AMSR-E was provided to the Aqua program by the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). |
| identifier |
ssta_amsre_200611 |
|
Fires on Cape York Peninsula
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
Across the lowlands of south
…
aqua_png_11oct04
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2004-10-11 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
aqua_png_11oct04 |
|
Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka
…
nasa, nasanaturalhazards
On March 29, 2007, the Sheve
…
shev_amo_2007088
| mediatype |
IMAGE |
| mediatype |
image |
| date |
2007-03-29 |
| creator |
NASA -- NASA Image Of The Day |
| identifier |
shev_amo_2007088 |
|
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