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Mariner 1 Launch
| title |
Mariner 1 Launch |
| date |
07.22.1962 |
| description |
An Atlas-Agena 5 carrying the Mariner 1 spacecraft lifts off from the Cape Kennedy Launch Complex on a mission to Venus. The rocket went off course and was blown up by a range safety officer about 5 minutes into flight. One month later, Mariner 2's launch was successful and it became the first spacecraft to fly past Venus in December 1962. *Image Credit*: NASA |
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Mariner 2
| title |
Mariner 2 |
| description |
Mariner 2 was the world's first successful interplanetary spacecraft. Launched August 27, 1962, on an Atlas-Agena rocket, Mariner 2 passed within about 34,000 kilometers (21,000 miles) of Venus, sending back valuable new information about interplanetary space and the Venusian atmosphere. Mariner 2 recorded the temperature at Venus for the first time, revealing the planet's very hot atmosphere of about 500 degrees Celsius (900 degrees Fahrenheit). The spacecraft's solar wind experiment measured for the first time the density, velocity, composition and variation over time of the solar wind. *Image Credit*: NASA/JPL |
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Mariner 1 Launch
| Title |
Mariner 1 Launch |
| Full Description |
An Atlas-Agena 5 carrying the Mariner 1 spacecraft lifted off today from Cape Kennedy Launch Complex 12. The Mariner spacecraft is scheduled to orbit Venus. |
| Date |
7/22/1962 |
| NASA Center |
Kennedy Space Center |
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Artist's Concept of Seasat-A
| Title |
Artist's Concept of Seasat-A |
| Full Description |
An artist's concept of Seasat A, the first spacecraft dedicated for oceanographic studies. Seasat A was designed for monitoring the Earth's oceans with active microwave instruments. The scientific objectives were to collect data on sea-surface winds, oceanography, sea-surface temperatures, wave heights, wavelength and direction, atmospheric water, and sea ice features. Seasat-A was launched on June 16, 1978, on an Atlas-Agena launch vehicle from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. The mission ended after 116 days due to a failure of the spacecraft's electric power system. The mission demonstrated the feasibility of using microwave sensors to monitor ocean conditions, and laid the groundwork for future ocean missions. The science of oceanography began more than 100 years ago with the sailing of HMS Challenger. Challenger's round-the- world trip became the model for oceanographic voyages. |
| Date |
5/16/1978 |
| NASA Center |
Headquarters |
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Atlas Agena Launch
| Title |
Atlas Agena Launch |
| Full Description |
Atlas Agena target vehicle liftoff for Gemini 11 from Pad 14. Once the Agena was in orbit, Gemini 11 rendezvoused and docked with it. |
| Date |
9/12/1966 |
| NASA Center |
Kennedy Space Center |
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Atlas-Agena
| Name of Image |
Atlas-Agena |
| Date of Image |
1962-04-23 |
| Full Description |
The Atlas-Agena-4 boosted the Ranger IV spacecraft for the first U.S. lunar impact on April 23, 1962. |
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Titan, Gemini 12, liftoff
| Name of Image |
Titan, Gemini 12, liftoff |
| Date of Image |
1966-11-11 |
| Full Description |
The Gemini 12 astronauts James Lovell and Edwin Aldrin lifted off aboard a Titan launch vehicle from the Kennedy Space Center on November 11, 1966. an hour and a half after their Agena target vehicle was orbited by an Atlas rocket. The Gemini Program was an intermediate step between Project Mercury and the Apollo Program. The major objectives were to subject are two men and supporting equipment to long duration flights, to effect rendezvous and docking with other orbiting vehicle, and to perfect methods of reentry, and landing the spacecraft. |
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Atlas Agena Launch
| Name of Image |
Atlas Agena Launch |
| Date of Image |
1966-03-16 |
| Full Description |
On March 16, 1966, an Atlas booster launched an Agena Target Vehicle for the Gemini 8 mission. The flight crew for the 3 day mission, astronauts Neil A. Armstrong and David R. Scott, achieved the first rendezvous and docking to Atlas/Agena in Earth orbit. |
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Gemini 8 Launched by Titan B
| Name of Image |
Gemini 8 Launched by Titan Booster |
| Date of Image |
1966-03-16 |
| Full Description |
A Titan booster launched the Gemini 8 spacecraft on March 16, 1966 from launch complex 19 Cape Kennedy, Florida. The flight crew for the 3 day mission, astronauts Neil A. Armstrong and David R. Scott, achieved the first rendezvous and docking to Atlas/Agena in Earth orbit. |
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Atlas-Agena, Gemini 12, laun
| Name of Image |
Atlas-Agena, Gemini 12, launch |
| Date of Image |
1966-11-11 |
| Full Description |
The launch of an Atlas-Agena booster carrying the target vehicle for the Gemini 12 mission on November 11, 1966. The Gemini Program was the intermediate step between the Project Mercury and the Apollo Program. Major objectives of the Gemini Program were to subject two men and supporting equipment to long duration flights, and to effect rendezvous and docking with other orbiting vehicles. |
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Atlas/Agena, Mariner-V, laun
| Name of Image |
Atlas/Agena, Mariner-V, launch |
| Date of Image |
1967-06-14 |
| Full Description |
The Atlas/Agena launch vehicle carrying The Mariner-V spacecraft on launch pad on June 14, 1967. The Marina V mission was to explore the planet Venus. |
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Early Rocketry Models
| Name of Image |
Early Rocketry Models |
| Date of Image |
1967-10-18 |
| Full Description |
Photographed are models of early rocketry: The Atlas Mercury, Atlas Centaur, and Atlas Agena. |
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Launching of the Atlas/Agena
| Title |
Launching of the Atlas/Agena from Pad 14 |
| Description |
The Atlas/Agena vehicle was launched on October 25, 1965 from Pad 14. Intended as a rendezvous target in the Gemini 6 mission, the Agena failed to achieve orbit, and the Gemini 6 mission was scrubbed. |
| Date Taken |
1965-10-25 |
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Atlas/Agena on Pad 14 during
| Title |
Atlas/Agena on Pad 14 during pre-launch operations |
| Description |
View of the Atlas/Agena on Pad 14 during pre-launch operations. The Agena is atop its Atlas launch vehicle. |
| Date Taken |
1965-10-25 |
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Agena Target Docking Vehicle
| Title |
Agena Target Docking Vehicle liftoff prior to Gemini 8 launch |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle lifted off Launch Complex 14 at Cape Kennedy at 10 a.m. March 16, 1966, just prior to the Gemini 8 launch. The Agena served as a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 8 spacecraft. A chase plane leaves a contrail in the background. |
| Date Taken |
1966-03-16 |
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Astronauts Stafford and Cern
| Title |
Astronauts Stafford and Cernan during Gemini 9/Agena Launch demonstration |
| Description |
Astronauts Thomas P. Stafford (on left), command pilot, and Eugene A. Cernan, pilot, in Gemini 9 spacecraft in the White Room at Pad 19 during a Gemini 9 / Agena Simultaneous Launch Demonstration. This test is a coordinated countdown of the Atlas-Agena and the Gemini-Titan vehicles (33406), Stafford (right foreground) and Cernan prepare to enter the Gemini 9 spacecraft in the White Room atop Pad 19. NASA and McDonnell Aircraft Corporation personnel stand by to assist with the insertion of the astronauts into the spacecraft (33407). |
| Date Taken |
1966-05-10 |
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Astronauts Stafford and Cern
| Title |
Astronauts Stafford and Cernan during Gemini 9/Agena Launch demonstration |
| Description |
Astronauts Thomas P. Stafford (on left), command pilot, and Eugene A. Cernan, pilot, in Gemini 9 spacecraft in the White Room at Pad 19 during a Gemini 9 / Agena Simultaneous Launch Demonstration. This test is a coordinated countdown of the Atlas-Agena and the Gemini-Titan vehicles (33406), Stafford (right foreground) and Cernan prepare to enter the Gemini 9 spacecraft in the White Room atop Pad 19. NASA and McDonnell Aircraft Corporation personnel stand by to assist with the insertion of the astronauts into the spacecraft (33407). |
| Date Taken |
1966-05-10 |
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Agena Target Vehicle atop At
| Title |
Agena Target Vehicle atop Atlas Launch vehicle launched from KSC |
| Description |
An Agena Target Vehicle atop its Atlas Launch vehicle is launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Launch Complex 14 at 10:15 am.m., May 17, 1966. The Agena was intended as a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 9 spacecraft. However, since the Agena failed to achieve orbit, the Gemini 9 mission was postponed. |
| Date Taken |
1966-05-17 |
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Agena Target Docking Vehicle
| Title |
Agena Target Docking Vehicle during prelaunch preparations at Complex 14 |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle during prelaunch preparations at Launch Complex 14. The Agena will be a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 10 space flight. |
| Date Taken |
1966-07-18 |
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Agena Target Docking Vehicle
| Title |
Agena Target Docking Vehicle during prelaunch preparations at Complex 14 |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle was launched from the Kennedy Space Center's Launch Complex 14 at 3:39 p.m., July 19, 1966. The Agena will be a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 10 space flight. |
| Date Taken |
1966-07-18 |
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Agena Target Docking Vehicle
| Title |
Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop Atlas launch vehicle at Launch complex 14 |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle is ready for launch at Launch Complex 14. The Agena served as a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 11 spacecraft. |
| Date Taken |
1966-09-12 |
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Launch of Agena Target Docki
| Title |
Launch of Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop Atlas launch vehicle |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle was launched fromt the Kennedy Space Center's Launch Complex 14 at 6:05 a.m., September 12, 1966. The Agena served as a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 11 spacecraft. |
| Date Taken |
1966-09-12 |
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Momument at Pad 14 honoring
| Title |
Momument at Pad 14 honoring Project Mercury |
| Description |
Momument at Pad 14 honoring Project Mercury. The Arabic number 7 represents the seven original astronauts. The other figure is the astronomical symbol of the Planet Mercury. In background is the Gemini 12 Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle at Cape Kennedy, Florida. |
| Date Taken |
1966-11-09 |
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Agena Target Docking Vehicle
| Title |
Agena Target Docking Vehicle launched from KSC |
| Description |
An Agena Target Docking Vehicle atop its Atlas launch vehicle was launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Launch Complex 14 at 2:08 p.m., November 11, 1966. The Agena served as a rendezvous and docking vehicle for the Gemini 12 spacecraft. |
| Date Taken |
1966-11-11 |
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Apollo
| Title |
Apollo |
| Description |
An early lunar excursion model was designed on a Friday afternoon in early 1961 by John D. Bird and Ralph W. Stone, Jr., of Langley Research Center for project. Courtney G. Brooks, James M. Grimwood, and Loyd S. Swenson, Jr. wrote in Chariots For Apollo: A History of Manned Lunar Spacecraft: "From December 1960 to the summer of 1961, Langley continued its analyses of lunar-orbit rendezvous as it applied to a manned lunar landing. Bird and Stone among others, studied hardware concepts and procedures, ascent trajectories between the landing site and lunar orbit, and final rendezvous and docking maneuvers. Their findings were distributed in technical reports throughout NASA and in papers presented to professional organizations and space flight societies. In the spring of 1961, these Langley engineers compiled a paper proposing a three-phase plan for developing rendezvous capabilities that would ultimately lead to manned lunar landings: (1) MORAD (Manned Orbital Rendezvous and docking), using a Mercury capsule to prove the feasibility of manned rendezvous and to establish confidence in the techniques, (2) ARP (Apollo Rendezvous Phase), using Atlas, Agena, and Saturn vehicles to develop a variety of rendezvous capabilities in earth orbit, and (3) MALLIR (Manned Lunar Landing Involving Rendezvous), employing Saturn and Apollo components to place men on the moon." (p. 69) |
| Date |
10.04.1961 |
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Space Station - early concep
| Title |
Space Station - early concept |
| Description |
Models of proposed space station launch vehicles (l-r): Saturn TB, Titan II Gemini, Atlas Agena. |
| Date |
04.19.1963 |
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Mariner 2
PIA04594
| Title |
Mariner 2 |
| Original Caption Released with Image |
Mariner 2 was the world's first successful interplanetary spacecraft. Launched August 27, 1962, on an Atlas-Agena rocket, Mariner 2 passed within about 34,000 kilometers (21,000 miles) of Venus, sending back valuable new information about interplanetary space and the Venusian atmosphere. Mariner 2 recorded the temperature at Venus for the first time, revealing the planet's very hot atmosphere of about 500 degrees Celsius (900 degrees Fahrenheit). The spacecraft's solar wind experiment measured for the first time the density, velocity, composition and variation over time of the solar wind. |
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