NASA Cassini-Huygens Collection

Enceladus: North and South (Southern Polar Projection)

Enceladus: North and South (Southern Polar Projection)

The southern hemisphere of Enceladus is seen in this polar stereographic map, mosaicked from the best-available Cassini and Voyager clear-filter images.

The map is centered on the south pole and surface coverage extends to the equator. Gridlines show latitude and longitude in 30-degree increments.

This map is being released along with a northern polar projection map (See Enceladus: North and South Projection (Northern Polar Projection).

These two maps show that the character of terrains near the north pole differs strongly from those near the south pole. Terrain near the north pole is among the most heavily cratered and oldest on the surface of Enceladus. The northern hemisphere map shows that a broad band of cratered terrain extends from the equator on the Saturn-facing side (centered on 0-degrees longitude), over the pole and to the equator on the anti-Saturn side (centered on 180-degrees longitude). Terrains near the equator and mid-latitudes on the leading (90 degrees West) and trailing (270 degrees West) sides of Enceladus are much less heavily cratered and are characterized by intense zones of fracturing and faulting.

As seen in this southern hemisphere map, the band of cratered terrain at 0 and 180 degrees longitude extends southward from the equator. However, poleward of about 55 degrees south latitude, the cratered terrain is interrupted and replaced by a conspicuously fractured terrain around the pole that is nearly devoid of impact craters. In contrast to the very old north polar terrain, the southern polar terrain is among the youngest on the surface of Enceladus.

Within the southern polar region is a group of prominent parallel "stripes" made up of fractures that are delineated by relatively dark reflective (albedo) markings flanking the sides of each fracture.

An interesting property of the parallel fracture system is that each appears to turn back at its westernmost segment as if it has been "bent" or "folded" into a hook-like curve. Similar patterns of folded or kinked fractures can be found throughout the region -- a unique feature of the south polar terrains.

The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging operations center is based at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colo.

For more information about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit http://saturn.jpl.n…. The Cassini imaging team homepage is at http://ciclops.org.

Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute

August 30, 2005

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August 30, 2005

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